Synthesis of cyclic α-1,4-oligo--acetylglucosamine 'cyclokasaodorin' a one-pot electrochemical polyglycosylation-isomerization-cyclization process.

Electrochemical synthesis of unnatural cyclic oligosaccharides composed of -acetylglucosamine with α-1,4-glycosidic linkages has been accomplished. A thioglycoside monomer equipped with the 2,3-oxazolidinone protecting group was used to prepare linear oligosaccharides by electrochemical polyglycosylation. In the same pot, isomerization of the linear oligosaccharides and intramolecular electrochemical glycosylation for cyclization were also conducted sequentially to obtain the precursor of the cyclic α-1,4-oligo--acetylglucosamine 'cyclokasaodorin'.

Ring chromosome 14 with localization-related epilepsy: three cases.

Three patients showing epileptic seizures and with mosaicism of ring chromosome 14 and monosomy for chromosome 14 are described. Patients were a 17-year-old boy, karyotype 46, XY, r(14)(p12q32.33)/45, XY, -14, a 7-month-old boy, karyotype 46, XY, r(14)(p11.