Publications by authors named "Masafumi Miyai"
Because of their ability to infiltrate normal brain tissue, gliomas frequently evade microscopic surgical excision. The histologic infiltrative property of human glioma has been previously characterized as Scherer secondary structures, of which the perivascular satellitosis is a prospective target for anti-angiogenic treatment in high-grade gliomas. However, the mechanisms underlying perineuronal satellitosis remain unclear, and therapy remains lacking.
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- Heparan sulfate (HS) is linked to angiogenesis and glioblastoma (GBM), a severe brain tumor, but its specific role in endothelial cells during GBM development is not fully understood.
- Researchers created a mouse model with an endothelial cell-specific knockout of a gene necessary for HS production to study its effects on GBM.
- Results showed that these knockout mice had lower HS levels, reduced GBM growth, and improved survival rates, indicating that endothelial cell HS is crucial for GBM progression and angiogenesis.
Article Synopsis
- Hydrocephalus is a common complication in patients with achondroplasia and typically requires treatment when symptoms appear; ventriculoperitoneal shunting is the preferred option, while endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is rare.* -
- A case study is presented of an 18-month-old boy with achondroplasia who developed progressive hydrocephalus and underwent ETV after showing symptoms like increased head circumference and developmental delays.* -
- Post-surgery, the boy's head circumference stabilized, and MRI results showed no change in ventricular size 13 months later, suggesting that ETV can be an effective treatment for hydrocephalus in certain achondroplasia patients.*
Article Synopsis
- Gliomas are difficult to treat due to their ability to invade healthy brain tissue, characterized by features like perineuronal and perivascular satellitosis, which are not yet fully understood.
- Researchers created a mouse glioma cell line that mimics this invasive behavior, allowing for the study of underlying mechanisms and potential therapies.
- The study found that increasing a protein called Glut1 is crucial for the invasion process and may serve as a target for new treatments in human gliomas, offering a way to suppress this harmful phenotype.
The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A)/alternate reading frame (ARF) locus consists of two overlapping tumor suppressor genes, p16 and p14 (p19 in mice), encoding two unrelated proteins in alternative reading frames. Previous reports suggest that p16 and p14 alterations independently exhibit differential roles, and p16 is more closely associated with a poor prognosis in oral cancer. However, the role of p16-specific loss in oral squamous cell carcinogenesis remains unclear.
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- Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor, known for its fast growth and ability to invade healthy brain tissue, leading to treatment resistance.
- The invasion patterns of GBM cells, called the "secondary structures of Scherer," include perineuronal and perivascular satellitosis, subpial spread, and invasion along white matter tracts.
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind these invasion patterns can help develop new treatment strategies and improve management for patients with recurring and resistant GBM.
Background: Bony structures around the carotid artery such as the styloid process and hyoid bone can cause dissection, compression, plaque formation, and plaque rupture of the carotid artery. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first finding of thyroid cartilage being the cause of a lesion corresponding to adjacent common carotid artery (CCA) atherosclerosis.
Case Description: A 51-year-old man with a history of hypertension and dyslipidemia suddenly experienced right facial numbness and dysphasia while front crawl swimming, which he usually did 3 times weekly.
Purpose To determine the best platelet function test for in-stent tissue protrusion following carotid artery stenting (CAS). Methods Patients who underwent CAS were recruited prospectively in this observational study. Combination of aspirin 100 mg/day and clopidogrel 75 mg/day was administered for a minimum of 7 days prior to procedure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlioblastoma is the most deadly brain tumor type and is characterized by a severe and high rate of angiogenesis, remaining an incurable disease in the majority of cases. Mechanistic understanding of glioblastoma initiation and progression is complicated by the complexity of genetic and/or environmental initiating events and lack of clarity regarding the cell or tissue of origin. To determine these mechanisms, mouse models that recapitulate the molecular and histological characteristics of glioblastoma are required.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: The surgical treatment of intrinsic brainstem lesions remains a major challenge. In this article we present the results of using an infratentorial-supracerebellar (ITSC) approach for the resection of intrinsic ponto-mesencephalic lesions.
Materials And Methods: The authors reviewed the cases of 16 patients.
Background And Aims: Cerebral revascularization strategies may become necessary in select patients who present with challenging cerebral aneurysms. In this study, we present the techniques of a moderate-flow extra-intracranial bypass using a short interposition vein graft and concurrent aneurysm management.
Methods: The short interposition vein graft was used for the reconstruction of complex cerebral aneurysms in nine patients.
We report here the regression of meningioma following treatment with the anti-estrogen agent mepitiostane in a series of cases. The first case was that of a 72-year-old woman who presented with coma status due to non-communicating hydrocephalus. A large presumed meningioma within the cerebello-pontine angle was detected on gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of treatment selection, either carotid stenting or endarterectomy, based on preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) plaque imaging on periprocedural events.
Methods: A total of 205 consecutive patients with high-grade carotid artery stenosis scheduled for elective revascularization with stenting or endarterectomy were retrospectively analyzed. In period 1, 95 patients were treated regardless of preoperative plaque imaging.