Correction: Yokoi et al. Erythritol Can Inhibit the Expression of Senescence Molecules in Mouse Gingival Tissues and Human Gingival Fibroblasts. 2023, , 4050.

Upon review, we have identified an error in the human TNF-α primer sequence reported in Table 1 of our paper titled "Erythritol can inhibit the expression of senescence molecules in mouse gingival tissues and human gingival fibroblasts" [...

Capsaicin modulates TRPV1, induces β-defensin expression, and regulates NF-κB in oral senescent cells and a murine model.

Aging is associated with a decline in oral immune function, marked by reduced levels of antimicrobial peptides such as defensins. Capsaicin, a bioactive component found in chili peppers, has been theorized to modulate immune responses through specific receptor pathways. This study examined the effects of aging on oral defensin levels and the potential mitigating role of capsaicin, mediated by the immune response in oral tissues.

Effects of tooth loss on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in app knock-in mice.

Objectives: Many patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) experience behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), which significantly affect their quality of life. It is known that 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) plays a crucial role in the development of BPSD. While the relationship between tooth loss and AD symptoms has been acknowledged, the aspect of aggression has not been focused on until now.

Long-term sorbitol consumption affects the hippocampus and alters cognitive function in aged mice.

The systemic effects of the artificial sweetener sorbitol on older adult individuals have not been elucidated. We assessed the effects of sorbitol consumption on cognitive and gingival health in a mouse model. Aged mice were fed 5% sorbitol for 3 months before their behavior was assessed, and brain and gingival tissues were collected.

Correction: Furukawa et al. Long-Term Soft-Food Rearing in Young Mice Alters Brain Function and Mood-Related Behavior. 2023, , 2397.

In the original publication [...

Premature gray hair development in the interbrow region owing to the loss of maxillary first molars in young mice.

The exact sites of premature hair graying and whether tooth loss causes this condition remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of reduced mastication on premature hair graying. Maxillary first molars were extracted from young mice, and the mice were observed for 3 months, along with non-extraction control group mice.

Oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis augmented gingival epithelial barrier molecules alteration with aging.

Objective: Disruption of the gingival epithelial barrier is often mediated by aging or the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. This study examined the combined effects of aging and P. gingivalis exposure on gingival epithelial barrier molecules.

Erythritol Can Inhibit the Expression of Senescence Molecules in Mouse Gingival Tissues and Human Gingival Fibroblasts.

Oral aging causes conditions including periodontal disease. We investigated how the sugar alcohol erythritol, which has anti-caries effects, impacts aging periodontal tissues and gingival fibroblasts in mice and humans in vivo and in vitro. Mice were classified into three groups: control groups of six-week-old (YC) and eighteen-month-old mice (AC) and a group receiving 5% / erythritol water for 6 months (AE).

Long-Term Capsaicin Administration Ameliorates the Dysfunction and Astrogliosis of the Brain in Aged Mice with Missing Maxillary Molars.

Tooth loss and decreased masticatory function reportedly affect cognitive function; tooth loss allegedly induces astrogliosis and aging of astrocytes in the hippocampus and hypothalamus, which is a response specific to the central nervous system owing to homeostasis in different brain regions. Capsaicin, a component of red peppers, has positive effects on brain disorders in mice. Decreased expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, a receptor of capsaicin, is associated with the development of dementia.

Long-Term Soft-Food Rearing in Young Mice Alters Brain Function and Mood-Related Behavior.

The relationship between caloric and nutrient intake and overall health has been extensively studied. However, little research has focused on the impact of the hardness of staple foods on health. In this study, we investigated the effects of a soft diet on brain function and behavior in mice from an early age.

Molar loss induces hypothalamic and hippocampal astrogliosis in aged mice.

Age-related tooth loss impedes mastication. Epidemiological and physiological studies have reported that poor oral hygiene and occlusion are associated with cognitive decline. In the present study, we analyzed the mechanism by which decreased occlusal support following bilateral extraction of the maxillary first molars affects cognitive functions in young and aged mice and examined the expression of brain-function-related genes in the hippocampus and hypothalamus.

The Priming Potential of Interferon Lambda-1 for Antiviral Defense in the Oral Mucosa.

The oral mucosa is one of the first lines of the innate host defense system against microbial invasion. Interferon (IFN) lambda-1 (IFN-λ1), a type III IFN, exhibits type I IFN-like antiviral activity. In contrast to ubiquitously expressed type I IFN receptors, IFN-λ receptor 1 (IFN-λR1), which has higher affinity for type III IFNs than low-affinity interleukin (IL)-10 receptor 2, is mainly expressed on epithelial cells.

An in vitro senescence model of gingival epithelial cell induced by hydrogen peroxide treatment.

Gingival tissue shows progressive changes with aging and an in vitro model of gingival tissue could be useful in understanding age-associated oral diseases. The present study aims to establish a hydrogen peroxide (HO) treatment model to induce aging in human gingival epithelial cells. In addition, fisetin, a flavonoid component studied for the anti-aging property is used to examine if it could reverse the induced senescence.

Chemokines Up-Regulated in Epithelial Cells Control Senescence-Associated T Cell Accumulation in Salivary Glands of Aged and Sjögren's Syndrome Model Mice.

Immunosenescence is characterized by age-associated changes in immunological functions. Although age- and autoimmune-related sialadenitis cause dry mouth (xerostomia), the roles of immunosenescence and cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of sialadenitis remain unknown. We demonstrated that acquired immune cells rather than innate immune cells infiltrated the salivary glands (SG) of aged mice.

Effect of green propolis extracts on experimental aged gingival irritation in vivo and in vitro.

Objectives: Tooth bleaching has become one of the most frequently requested esthetic procedures in dental practice. A side effect of bleaching is gingival irritation. This study examined the efficacy of propolis to treat gingival irritation caused by bleaching in vivo and in vitro.

Involvement of adiponectin in age-related increases in tear production in mice.

Common age-related changes in the human eye contribute to the development of dry eye, including decreases in aqueous tear production. Although the infiltration of lymphocytes into the lacrimal glands occurs with age, age-related increases in tear production have also been observed in mice; however, the mechanisms underlying this increase remain unclear. We herein demonstrated that increases in tear production were not dependent on body weight gain or systemic conditions, such as insulin resistance, using aged mice and high-fat diet-fed mice.

Sulcus depth reproduction with polyvinyl siloxane impression material: effects of hydrophilicity and impression temperature.

Objective: To determine the sulcus penetration ability of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression materials by impression technique, temperature, and sulcus width.

Method And Materials: Hydrophilic Flexitime (FLE; Heraeus Kulzer) and its hydrophobic counterpart (EXP) without surfactant were investigated, using light (L), monophase (M), and heavy (H) consistencies. A truncated steel cone surrounded by a 2-mm-deep and 50-, 100-, or 200-microm-wide sulcus, simulating the gingival tissue with agar, served as the test model.

All-in-one self-etch model adhesives: HEMA-free and without phase separation.

Objective: Aim of this study was to design HEMA-free all-in-one self-etch model adhesives without phase separation, and to investigate their efficiency on extracted human teeth.

Materials And Methods: Compositions of adhesives in mass% (1): UDMA (25), 4-META (20), H(2)O (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 35, and 45), balance of acetone or ethanol. (2): UDMA (35), 4-META or 4-MET (28), H(2)O (0, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8), balance of acetone.

Multiple mechanisms regulate circadian expression of the gene for cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp7a), a key enzyme in hepatic bile acid biosynthesis.

Cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A) and sterol 12alpha-hydroxylase (CYP8B) in bile acid biosynthesis and 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGCR) in cholesterol biosynthesis are the key enzymes in hepatic metabolic pathways, and their transcripts exhibit circadian expression profiles in rodent liver. The authors determined transcript levels of these enzymes and the regulatory factors for Cyp7a--including Dbp, Dec2, E4bp4, Hnf4alpha, Pparalpha, Lxralpha, Rev-erbalpha, and Rev-erbbeta--in the liver of wild-type and homozygous Clock mutant mice (Clock/Clock) and examined the effects of these transcription factors on the transcription activities of Cyp7a. The expression profile of the Cyp7a transcript in wild-type mice showed a strong circadian rhythm in both the 12L:12D light-dark cycle and constant darkness, and that in Clock/Clock also exhibited a circadian rhythm at an enhanced level with a lower amplitude, although its protein level became arrhythmic at a high level.

Effects of fasting and re-feeding on the expression of Dec1, Per1, and other clock-related genes.

To elucidate the food-entrainable oscillatory mechanism of peripheral clock systems, we examined the effect of fasting on circadian expression of clock genes including Dec1 and Dec2 in mice. Withholding of food for 2 days had these effects: the expression level of Dec1 mRNA decreased in all tissues examined, although Per1 mRNA level markedly increased; Per2 expression was reduced in the liver and heart only 42-46 h after the start of fasting; and expression profiles of Dec2 and Bmal1 were altered only in the heart and in the liver, respectively, whereas Rev-erbalpha mRNA levels did not change significantly. Re-feeding after 36-h starvation erased, at least in part, the effect of fasting on Dec1, Dec2, Per1, Per2, and Bmal1 within several hours, and restriction feeding shifted the phase of expression profiles of all examined clock genes including Dec1 and Dec2.

Tissue-specific disruption of rhythmic expression of Dec1 and Dec2 in clock mutant mice.

DEC1 and DEC2-basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors-exhibit a circadian expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and other peripheral tissues and seem to play roles in regulating the mammalian circadian rhythm by suppressing the CLOCK/BMAL1-activated promoters of Per1, Dec1, and Dec2. The authors present data on the expression patterns of mRNA for Dec1, Dec2, Per2, Dbp, and Npas2 in various tissues of wild-type and homozygous Clock mutant mice (Clock/Clock). The Clock mutation resulted in extreme reduction of Dec1 expression in kidney, heart, and skeletal muscle but not in liver, whereas it strongly repressed Dec2 expression in liver, kidney, and heart, while Dec2 expression in skeletal muscle remained rhythmic.

Regulation of bile acid synthesis under reconstructed enterohepatic circulation in rats.

Cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) is regulated by bile acids through the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) mechanism in a negative feedback fashion. However, the fact that CYP7A1 is down-regulated by intraduodenal administration of bile acid, but not by intravenous administration may not be explained only by this mechanism. The aim of this study was to establish a new rat model with reconstructed or simulated enterohepatic circulation to examine if intravenous or portal administration of bile acid can regulate CYP7A1.