Transient osteoporosis of the hip with a femoral neck fracture during follow-up: a case report.

We report a case of transient osteoporosis of the hip with a femoral neck fracture found during follow-up. A 53-year-old man presented with left hip pain without trauma. The pain did not improve after 2 weeks and he was brought to our hospital by ambulance.

Cine MRI Is Useful for the Diagnosis of Intradural Arachnoid Cyst with Spinal Arachnoid Web: A Case Report.

Case: A 28-year-old woman developed gait disturbance due to lower limb weakness 3 years before presentation. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were inconclusive; therefore, we performed cine MRI, which confirmed the presence of a pulsatile cyst on the posterior thoracic spinal cord. The cyst compressed the spinal cord, and its pulsations synchronized with the patient's heartbeats.

The Relationship between Perivertebral Venous Cement Embolism and Balloon Expansion Pressure in Balloon Kyphoplasty.

Introduction: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) are common fractures in the elderly suffering osteoporosis. Most patients have bone fusion with deformity of vertebral collapse; however, some patients suffer nonunion and persistent pain at the fracture site. Due to the limitations of conservative treatment, balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) has been recently performed for OVCFs.

Reverse Z-effect phenomenon in a basicervical femoral fracture using cephalomedullary nail with two superior antirotation screws: A case report and procedure evaluation.

We present a case of reverse Z-effect phenomenon in a basicervical femoral fracture using a cephalomedullary nail together with two superior antirotation screws and evaluate the procedure. An 86-year-old woman fell in her home and could not stand due to right hip joint pain. X-ray and CT imaging showed a right basicervical femoral fracture (AO/OTA classification; 31B3), and open reduction and internal fixation (OR/IF) was performed with a cephalomedullary nail and two superior antirotation screws (TES Nail, HOMS, Tokyo, Japan).

Challenges in the Diagnosis of bone Metastasis in Patients without a History of Malignancy at Their First Clinic Visit.

Background: Many patients with bone metastases whose diagnoses came only after they had suffered aggravated conditions are still frequently encountered. However, there have been few studies regarding the early diagnosis of such metastases. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical courses of cases we experienced between 2004 and 2014 to clarify the practical situation of diagnosis of such bone metastases.

Japanese orthopaedic association back pain evaluation questionnaire (JOABPEQ) as an outcome measure for patients with low back pain: reference values in healthy volunteers.

Background: In 2007, the Japanese orthopaedic association back pain evaluation questionnaire (JOABPEQ) was established to overcome the limitations of the original JOA scoring system developed in 1986. Although this new self-administered questionnaire is a more accurate outcome measure for evaluating patients with low back pain, physicians were unable to as certain the exact status of a patient at a single time point because of a lack of reference values. This study aimed to establish the reference values of JOABPEQ in different age and gender groups using data obtained from healthy volunteers.

Subcutaneous angiolipoma: magnetic resonance imaging features with histological correlation.

Purpose: Despite producing pain, angiolipoma is sometimes misdiagnosed as an ordinary small lipoma, which is usually not associated with pain. Few reports have described magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of angiolipoma. The aim of the present study was to clarify the MR imaging features of angiolipoma.

An outcome measure for patients with cervical myelopathy: the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ): an average score of healthy volunteers.

Background: An outcome measure to evaluate the neurological function of patients with cervical myelopathy was proposed by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA score) and has been widely used in Japan. However, the JOA score does not include patients' satisfaction, disability, handicaps, or general health, which can be affected by cervical myelopathy. In 2007, a new outcome measure, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ), which is a self-administered questionnaire, was developed.

Recurrence of fibrous hamartoma of infancy excised 14 years after the primary surgery.

Fibrous hamartoma of infancy is a rare, benign, superficial soft-tissue mass. It usually occurs within the first 2 years of life at the axial regions, upper arms, and external genital areas. There have been some recurrences within the 1st year of the surgery, although no cases have been reported to recur after 1 year.

Clinical usefulness of assessing lumbar somatosensory evoked potentials in lumbar spinal stenosis. Clinical article.

Object: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of assessing lumbar somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) in central lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).

Methods: The latencies of lumbar SSEPs were recorded in 40 patients with central LSS, including 16 men and 24 women. The mean age of the patients was 67.

Clinical value of motor evoked potentials with transcranial magnetic stimulation in the assessment of lumbar spinal stenosis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of assessing motor evoked potentials (MEP) in lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Twenty-three LSS patients were enrolled. The preoperative data of MEP latency (MEPLT), clinical symptoms, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores for low back pain, visual analogue scale (VAS) for back pain, leg pain and numbness, walking distance and the minimal cross-sectional area (mCSA) of the dural sac were evaluated.

Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire. Part 3. Validity study and establishment of the measurement scale : Subcommittee on Low Back Pain and Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation of the Clinical Outcome Committee of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association, Japan.

Background: The Japanese Orthopaedic Association decided to revise the JOA score for low back pain and to develop a new outcome measure. In February 2002, the first survey was performed with a preliminary questionnaire consisting of 60 evaluation items. Based on findings of that survey, 25 items were selected for a draft of the JOA Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ).

Epidemiological study of low back pain and occupational risk factors among taxi drivers.

A survey of taxi drivers was conducted to determine the actual situation of drivers' low back pain (LBP). The survey was carried out in October 2002, the target drivers were asked to complete a questionnaire which contains questions regarding physique of drivers, demographic features, working conditions, office environment, health conditions, the presence of low back pain, the level of low back pain based on Visual Analogue Scale and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire score. As a result, the total number of valid responses was 1,334 and the response rate was 71 percent, and the 1-wk prevalence of LBP was 20.

Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ): part 4. Establishment of equations for severity scores. Subcommittee on low back pain and cervical myelopathy, evaluation of the clinical outcome committee of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association.

Background: To establish a patient-oriented outcome measure for cervical myelopathy, a subcommittee of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) developed a new scoring system to evaluate the overall clinical status of patients, which could be completed by patients themselves. The subcommittee completed three large-scale studies to select and modify questions derived from various preexisting outcome measures including Short Form-36, and then finalized and validated the questionnaire, which comprised 24 questions.

Methods: The finalized questionnaire was administered to 369 patients with cervical myelopathy due to disc herniation, spondylosis, or ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament by randomly selected board-certified spine surgeons.

Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire. Part 2. Verification of its reliability : The Subcommittee on Low Back Pain and Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation of the Clinical Outcome Committee of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association.

Background: The project to develop a new Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score rating system for low back disorders, the JOA Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ), is currently in progress. Part 1 of the study selected 25 "candidate" items for use on the JOABPEQ. The purpose of this current Part 2 of the study was to verify the reliability of the questionnaire.

JOA back pain evaluation questionnaire: initial report.

Background: There is no widely accepted objective evaluation for lumbar spine disorders. New outcome measures should be patient-oriented and should measure symptoms and self-reported functional status in multiple dimensions. The aim of this study was to identify items to be included in the disease-specific quality of life (QOL) questionnaire for the assessments of patients with lumbar spine disorders.

Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire: part 3. Determination of reliability.

Background: The manner of measuring the outcome of cervical myelopathy must be patient-oriented and have sufficient reliability and validity. The current Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring system for cervical myelopathy is widely used but has not met this requirement. The first- and second-round surveys established 24 items for inclusion on a new questionnaire for cervical myelopathy.

Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ): Part 2. Endorsement of the alternative item.

Background: A new self-administered questionnaire as an outcome measure for patients with cervical myelopathy was drawn up in Part 1 (Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire, JOACMEQ). Because a question with regard to driving a car (C-41) was not suitable for this patient group, the authors composed an alternative question related to neck motion (C-41-2). The purposes of the present study were to perform a secondary survey on patients with cervical myelopathy and to statistically analyze the responses to validate the JOACMEQ, and also to determine if it was possible to convert item C-41 to the alternative question.

An outcome measure for patients with cervical myelopathy: Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ): Part 1.

Background: An outcome measure to evaluate the neurological function of cervical myelopathy was proposed by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association in 1975 (JOA score), and has been widely used in Japan. However, the JOA score does not include patients' satisfaction, disability, handicaps, or general health, which can be affected by cervical myelopathy. The purpose of this study was to develop a new outcome measure for patients with cervical myelopathy.

A case report of rapidly progressing cauda equina symptoms due to rheumatoid arthritis.

Although rheumatoid involvement of the lumbar spine is relatively rare, we report a patient with rapidly progressing cauda equina symptoms due to rheumatoid diskitis. A 72-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of motor weakness below the iliopsoas muscle and sensory disturbance beneath the level of L2. Plain X-ray films, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated destruction of the L2/3 intervertebral disc and endplates with subluxation of the facet joints.

[Clinical evaluation of low back pain].

On the diagnosis of backache, at first ask patients detailed questions about medical history of backache, the situation at the time of onset and process of the pain, intensity and location on the body of the pain, which movement to strengthen them or which posture to moderate them. Following them, check the abnormality of how to walk and the normal curvature of the spine at standing from behind and the side. Examine the movement and flexibility of the lumbar spine in bending forward, backward and twisting.

Effects of anterior lumbar spinal fusion on the distribution of nerve endings and mechanoreceptors in the rabbit facet joint: quantitative histological analysis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the density and distribution of neural endings in rabbit lumbar facet joints after anterior spinal fusion and to evaluate the effects of intervertebral immobilization. An extraperitoneal approach was applied, and L5/6 was fixed with a plate and screws. Bilateral L4/5, L5/6, and L6/7 facet joint capsules were harvested from the rabbits 4, 8, and 16 weeks postoperatively.

[Diagnosis and treatment of lumbar spinal canal stenosis].

Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) was first described in 1954 by Verbiest, followed by the currently accepted international classification of LSCS in 1976 by Arnoldi. Briefly, LSCS is a nervous system syndrome that is characterized by neural symptoms in the lower extremities due to tightened cauda equina and spinal nerve root involvement. LSCS international classification consists of: (1) degenerative, (2) congenital developmental, (3) combined, (4) spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, (5) iatrogenic and (6) post traumatic stenosis.

The aging process in the sacroiliac joint: helical computed tomography analysis.

The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of degenerative changes in the sacroiliac joint by age, sex, laterality, body mass index, and childbearing experience, based on computed tomography (CT) images obtained from the lower back of symptom-free subjects in different age groups. These data were used to trace the development of the sacroiliac joint until the occurrence of osteoarthritis with aging. CT transverse and coronal images were examined for the presence of the following degenerative signs: joint space narrowing, sclerosis, osteophytes, cysts, and erosion.