Management of medial luxation of the shoulder joint in toy-breed dogs using an antiluxation pin placed lateral to the supraspinatus muscle tendon: 20 limbs (2017-2022).

Objective: To describe the clinical and diagnostic findings, surgical procedures, and clinical course of dogs with medial shoulder luxation (MSL) treated with a novel method using an antiluxation pin.

Animals: 18 client-owned toy-breed dogs (20 treated limbs).

Clinical Presentation: Toy-breed dogs with MSL were treated with the antiluxation pin (2017 to 2022).

Thoracic Vertebral Canal Stenosis and Vertebral Instability in a Young Minuet Cat.

This report describes a unique case of thoracic vertebral canal stenosis and vertebral instability in a 1 yr old Minuet cat. The cat presented with a history of chronic progressive nonambulatory paraparesis. Myelography with neutral and stress positions revealed dynamic compression at T1-4.

Decompressive laminectomy with vertebral stabilization allows neurologic improvement of most Pekingese dogs with thoracolumbar vertebral instability.

Objective: To describe the diagnostic findings, surgical techniques, and outcomes of thoracolumbar vertebral instability associated with or without articular process (AP) anomalies in Pekingese dogs.

Animals: 11 client-owned Pekingese dogs.

Procedures: Medical records (2007 to 2022) were reviewed.

Long-Term Outcome After Surgical Resection of a Spinal Choroid Plexus Tumor in a Dog.

A 6 yr old castrated male Clumber spaniel was referred for evaluation of acute paraplegia. MRI of the thoracolumbar spine demonstrated an intradural-extramedullary mass lesion at the level of T12 and extradural spinal cord compression at L1-L2. A hemilaminectomy was performed to achieve gross total resection of the mass lesion and removal of extruded disc material.

Clinical outcomes of 119 miniature- and toy-breed dogs with 140 distal radial and ulnar fractures repaired with free-form multiplanar type II external skeletal fixation.

Objective: To report the clinical outcomes of miniature- and toy-breed dogs with primary and previously treated distal radial and ulnar fractures (RUF) treated with a free-form multiplanar type II external skeletal fixation (ESF).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: One hundred nineteen dogs with 140 distal RUF.

Clinical Outcomes and Complications after Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Utilizing Conventional Plates in 65 Distal Radial and Ulnar Fractures of Miniature- and Toy-Breed Dogs.

Objective:  This article aims to evaluate clinical outcomes and complications of distal radial and ulnar fractures in miniature- and toy-breed dogs treated with conventional bone plate fixation.

Methods:  Medical records (2001-2010) of miniature- and toy-breed dogs with distal radial and ulnar fractures repaired with open reduction and internal fixation utilizing conventional plates were reviewed. The inclusion criteria were body weight of <7 kg, fracture located in the distal antebrachium (distal-to-total radial length ratio < 0.

Use of skin stretchers for single-stage bilateral mastectomies in a dog and a cat.

Objective: To describe the application of skin stretchers for closure of single-stage bilateral mastectomies in a dog and a cat.

Study Design: Clinical case report.

Animals: A 12-year-old intact female Miniature Dachshund and a 13-year-old spayed female domestic short-hair cat.

Squamous cell carcinoma causing dorsal atlantoaxial spinal cord compression in a dog.

A 12-year-old Chihuahua dog was presented for cervical pain and progressive tetraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed spinal cord compression due to a mass in the dorsal atlantoaxial region. Surgical treatment was performed.

Determination of critical factors causing cytotoxicity in the virus neutralization test.

The fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) test, an international standard method for serological testing for rabies, has been adopted by many countries. However, some dog serum samples inhibit the formation of cell monolayers by BHK-21 cells used in the test, resulting in failures to determine antibody titers. This inhibition of cell monolayer formation was defined as cytotoxicity.

Neutralizing antibody response in dogs and cats inoculated with commercial inactivated rabies vaccines.

In Japan, the import quarantine regulation against rabies has required from 2005 that dogs and cats should be inoculated with the rabies vaccine and that the neutralizing antibody titer should be confirmed to be at least 0.5 international units (IU)/ml. The fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) test is used as an international standard method for serological testing for rabies.

A mimotope peptide of Aβ42 fibril-specific antibodies with Aβ42 fibrillation inhibitory activity induces anti-Aβ42 conformer antibody response by a displayed form on an M13 phage in mice.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides accumulate in the brain in different forms, including fibrils and oligomers. Recently, we established three distinct conformation-dependent human single-chain Fv (scFv) antibodies, including B6 scFv, which bound to Aβ42 fibril but not to soluble-form Aβ, inhibiting Aβ42 fibril formation. In this study, we determined the mimotopes of these antibodies and found a common mimotope sequence, B6-C15, using the Ph.

Characterization of a bifunctional glyoxylate cycle enzyme, malate synthase/isocitrate lyase, of Euglena gracilis.

The glyoxylate cycle is a modified form of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which enables organisms to synthesize carbohydrates from C2 compounds. In the protozoan Euglena gracilis, the key enzyme activities of the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MS), are conferred by a single bifunctional protein named glyoxylate cycle enzyme (Euglena gracilis glyoxylate cycle enzyme [EgGCE]). We analyzed the enzymatic properties of recombinant EgGCE to determine the functions of its different domains.

Smoking induces bimodal DNA damage in mouse lung.

To clarify the relationship between DNA damage and free radical generation caused by smoking in vivo, DNA damage was investigated in the mouse lung by single-cell gel electrophoresis assay after exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) or gas phase cigarette smoke (GPCS). Although GPCS did not induce DNA lesions, bimodal peaks of DNA damage were detected in mouse lung exposed to CS, one immediately after exposure and another 15 min later. Pretreatment with a specific hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenger completely prevented both types of DNA damage induced by CS.

Nationwide survey of salmonella prevalence in environmental dust from layer farms in Japan.

A nationwide survey was conducted to determine Salmonella prevalence in airborne dust from layer farms. Of the 4,090 layer farms in Japan, 203 were surveyed and 48 (23.6%) of these were positive for Salmonella.

Oral administration of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue, taltireline hydrate, in spinal muscular atrophy.

Spinal muscular atrophy is an entity of neurodegenerative disorders at the anterior horn neuron of the spinal cord caused by telomeric survival motor neuron gene abnormality. There is no definitive treatment for spinal muscular atrophy, but recent reports have indicated the efficacy of intravenous injection, but not oral administration, of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). We treated an 18-year-old male patient with spinal muscular atrophy type III by oral administration of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogue, taltireline hydrate.

Expression of interleukin 8 in synovial tissues in patients with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint and its relationship with clinical variables.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assay interleukin 8 (IL-8) in synovial tissues of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with symptomatic internal derangement, and to assess its relationship with clinical variables.

Study Design: Forty-six joints in 44 patients were examined using an immunohistochemical technique. As controls, 8 joints in 7 subjects with habitual dislocation without pain were also examined.

Seroepidemiologic survey of Coxiella burnetii and attempt to detect Coxiella DNA in aged non-laying chickens in a prefecture of Japan where poultry farming prospers.

The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) revealed seropositivity to Coxiella burnetii in aged non-laying chickens in poultry farms in a prefecture in the central part of Japan. Seropositivity was 7%, and antibody titers ranged from 16 to 64. No DNA fragment specific for C.

Comparison of the clinical outcomes of patients having sounds in the temporomandibular joint with skeletal mandibular deformities treated by vertico-sagittal ramus osteotomy or vertical ramus osteotomy.

Objective: This article describes the effects of the intraoral vertico-sagittal ramus osteotomy (IVSRO) procedure on the jaw of patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.

Study Design: IVSRO was performed on 15 patients (30 sides) who had mandibular protrusion or asymmetry with TMJ dysfunction. IVRO was performed on another 15 patients (30 sides).

Advantages of intraoral verticosagittal ramus osteotomy in skeletofacial deformity patients with temporomandibular joint disorders.

Purpose: This preliminary study was performed to clarify the usefulness of intraoral verticosagittal ramus osteotomy (IVSRO) in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.

Patients And Methods: We examined 34 sides in 19 consecutive patients with dentofacial deformities with TMJ dysfunction undergoing IVSRO. Preoperatively, 15 patients had TMJ sounds bilaterally and 4 had sounds unilaterally.

The ideal lavage volume for removing bradykinin, interleukin-6, and protein from the temporomandibular joint by arthrocentesis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the ideal volume of perfusate for arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (TMDs).

Patients And Methods: We evaluated 17 joints in 17 patients with TMD in this study. Arthrocentesis of the TMJ was done by perfusion of 400 mL of Ringer's solution.

Transitional joint effusion in the mandibular prognathic surgery patient: intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy versus sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the cause of joint effusion (JE) appearing postoperatively in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of patients with mandibular prognathism on T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images.

Patients And Methods: MR imaging was performed before and after surgery in 30 TMJs of 15 subjects with mandibular prognathism who underwent intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) and in 20 TMJs of 10 subjects with mandibular prognathism who underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). The preoperative MR imaging was performed 1 month before surgery, and postoperative MR imaging was performed during maxillomandibular fixation.

Interleukin-6 family of cytokines as biochemical markers of osseous changes in the temporomandibular joint disorders.

The aim of this study was to find out whether there was a correlationship between the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-11, and IL-17 in synovial fluid and osseous changes in the condyle. The synovial fluid was obtained from 61 patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and seven healthy volunteers (controls). The concentrations of IL-6, IL-11, and IL-17 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.