Contribution of a positive psychology-based conceptual framework in reducing physician burnout and improving well-being: a systematic review.

Background: The PERMA Model, as a positive psychology conceptual framework, has increased our understanding of the role of Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Achievements in enhancing human potentials, performance and wellbeing. We aimed to assess the utility of PERMA as a multidimensional model of positive psychology in reducing physician burnout and improving their well-being.

Methods: Eligible studies include peer-reviewed English language studies of randomized control trials and non-randomized design.

Native extracellular matrix: a new scaffolding platform for repair of damaged muscle.

Effective clinical treatments for volumetric muscle loss resulting from traumatic injury or resection of a large amount of muscle mass are not available to date. Tissue engineering may represent an alternative treatment approach. Decellularization of tissues and whole organs is a recently introduced platform technology for creating scaffolding materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

LNCIB human full-length cDNAs collection: towards a better comprehension of the human transcriptome.

LNCIB has been producing a variety of human full-length-enriched, normalized and subtracted cDNA libraries from various cell lines and tissues in different developmental stages by using the CAP-Trapper method. By sequencing 23000 clones of these libraries we identified a pool of about 5800 good quality unique cDNAs. After BLAST analysis on Human RefSeq/Unigene databases, 1717 of these sequences remained with no or poor annotation.

CD69 and regulation of the immune function.

CD69, also known as activation inducer molecule, very early activation antigen, MLR-3 and Leu-23, is a member of the natural killer (NK) cell gene complex family of signal transducing receptors. CD69 is as a type II transmembrane glycoprotein with a C-type lectin binding domain in the extracellular portion of the molecule. CD69 expression is induced in vitro on cells of most hematopoietic lineages, including T and B lymphocytes, NK cells, murine macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils, while it is constitutively expressed on human monocytes, platelets and epidermal Langerhans cells.

Expression and function of the early activation antigen CD69 in murine macrophages.

CD69, a member of the natural killer cell gene complex family of signal transducing receptors, represents one of the earliest activation antigens in human and murine lymphocytes. In contrast, human monocytes may express CD69 in a constitutive fashion. We have evaluated the expression and function of CD69 in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages.

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium in children with enteritis in southern Italy.

Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan which causes self-limiting diarrhea in immunocompetent subjects, and severe life-threatening disease in immunocompromised patients. Cryptosporidiosis is more common in developing countries and in infants. In this paper we have evaluated the prevalence of C.

Leishmania donovani lipophosphoglycan (LPG) inhibits respiratory burst and chemotaxis of dog phagocytes.

Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is the major glycoconjugate of Leishmania promastigote surface membrane. Previous studies on human and murine models have demonstrated that this molecule is involved in the attachment and survival of Leishmania in the host cells. Dog is the main reservoir of Leishmania strains responsible for human leishmaniasis in Italy.

[Leishmania-macrophage interactions: role of cytokines and molecules co-involved in killing].

In this review we have summarized the main data concerning Leishmania-macrophage interactions, with particular emphasis on receptors involved in adhesion, activating or deactivating cytokines and toxic molecules responsible for parasite killing. At present it is also known that a different T helper (Th)1- or Th2-cell response may be critical for the outcome of Leishmania infection in human and in murine models. Therefore, we have mentioned the recent studies on cytokines, such as IL-2, which are able to cause the switch from a Th2, disease-promoting immune response, to a Th1, protective response.

Impairment of the human phagocyte oxidative responses caused by Leishmania lipophosphoglycan (LPG): in vitro studies.

Lipophosphoglycan (LPG), a surface glycoconjugate of Leishmania promastigotes, has been reported as playing an active role in protecting the parasite within phagolysosomes, by an impairment of monocyte oxidative responses. In this study the effect of LPG on the oxidative burst of human peripheral monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils was evaluated. Our results demonstrated that either superoxide anion (O2-) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) release by LPG-pretreated cells was diminished, emphasizing the ability of this glycoconjugate to impair the oxidative activity of all phagocytes.

Biochemical host response to interferon-beta.

To assess influence of host response to interferon-beta (IFN-beta), on biochemical parameters, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M) and neopterin were evaluated in 15 and 12 patients respectively before and 24 h after 1-46 X 10(6) IU intravenously (i.v.) IFN-beta given every other day.

A randomized trial to evaluate the immunorestorative properties of thymostimulin in patients with Hodgkin's disease in complete remission.

A total of 19 Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients (12 male, 7 female) aged 26-67 years, who had been in complete unmaintained remission for 6 months or more when the study was initiated, were randomly given 50 mg thymostimulin (TS) i.m. daily (G1) or every other day (G2) for 35 days.

Immunologic profile in patients with Hodgkin's disease in complete remission.

Mononuclear cell subsets in peripheral blood, in vitro production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon (IFN gamma), spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) and circulating levels of Type I IFN, neopterin, beta-2 microglobulin (B2-M), immunoglobulins and complement fractions were studied in 33 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) in complete remission. The mean percentages, but not the absolute numbers, of T-lymphocytes expressing pan-T markers (OKT11, OKT3, ER, E-AET R) were significantly decreased compared with control values. Furthermore, patients showed a selective loss of OKT4+ cells, as well as increased percentages and numbers of Leu7+ and OKIa+ lymphocytes, and of OKM1+, LeuM2+, and LeuM3+ cells.