Prevalence of systemic antibacterial use during pregnancy worldwide: A systematic review.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to systematically review the literature of the prevalence of systemic antibacterial use during pregnancy and to perform a descriptive analysis focused on methodological characteristics.

Materials And Methods: This study was registered in PROSPERO under protocol number CRD42022376634. Medline, Embase, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Web of Science databases were searched (published studies until November 3rd, 2022).

Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms.

Objective: To verify whether folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is associated with the occurrence of maternal depressive symptoms at three months postpartum, in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort.

Methods: This study included 4,046 women, who were classified into three groups: did not use folic acid supplementation during pregnancy; used during only one trimester of pregnancy; and used for two or three trimesters. Depressive symptoms were assessed at three months postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), at cutoff points ≥ 10 (mild symptoms) and ≥ 13 (moderate to severe intensity).

Difficulties in the use of medications by elderly people followed up in a cohort study in Southern Brazil.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the need for help by elderly people to take their medications, the difficulties related to this activity, the frequency of forgotten doses, and factors associated.

Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with a cohort of elderly people (60 years and over - "COMO VAI?" [How do you do?] study), where the need for help to properly take medication and the difficulties faced in using them were evaluated. The Poisson regression model was used to estimate the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) of the outcomes and respective 95% confidence intervals according to the characteristics of the sample.

Determinants of hair cortisol in preschool children and their mothers: A Brazilian birth cohort study.

Objective: Few large-scale studies have provided population-based estimates of hair cortisol levels and its determinants. Hair cortisol and potential determinants were measured in children and their mothers in a population-based sample in a Brazilian city with large variations in socioeconomic conditions.

Methods: We used data from the 4-year follow-up of the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study.

Iron Salts, High Levels of Hemoglobin and Ferritin in Pregnancy, and Development of Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to systematically review literature on the use of iron supplements (not including iron derived from diet), increased levels of hemoglobin and/or ferritin, and the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Data Source:  The following databases were searched, from the study's inception to April 2021: PUBMED, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cinahl and Lilacs.

Selection Of Studies:  A total of 6,956 titles and abstracts were reviewed, 9 of which met the final inclusion criteria, with 7,560 women in total.

[Use of anti-bacterial agents in pregnant women before and after regulation in Brazil: Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohorts of 2004 and 2015].

Indiscriminate use of anti-bacterial agents during pregnancy can increase antimicrobial resistance and endanger both the mother's and the children's health. Currently, Brazil has the Collegiate Directive Resolution n. 20/2011, which controls prescription and dispensation of anti-bacterial agents.

Medication use in children from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort aged between three months and four years.

Medication use is an important part of the health process and prevalence of its use among infants can reach up to 65% in their first months of life. The excessive use of medication could lead to an increase in their potential harm, surpassing their benefits. Considering this, this study aimed to describe medication use in children aged 3, 12, 24, and 48 months.

[Use of anticholinergic drugs among the elderly and a comparison between risk scales: a population-based study].

The pattern of morbidity and mortality has changed in recent years due to the increase in chronic noncommunicable diseases, leading to multiple comorbidities and the use of several medications. The scope of the study was to evaluate the anticholinergic drugs used by elderly people, according to risk scales. It involved a population-based cross-sectional study with elderly people.

Breastfeeding and drug use: what is the orientation found in drug package inserts of contraceptives and anti-infective agents?

This article aims to evaluate the conformity between drug package inserts (DPIs) and evidence-based bibliographic sources regarding the presence of contraindications to the use of contraceptives and anti-infective agents during breastfeeding. Contraceptive and anti-infectives were selected, according to ATC, with the updated record in the ANVISA and present in the bibliographic sources Breastfeeding and Use of Medicines and Other Substances, Medications and Mother's Milk, LactMed®, Micromedex® and UpToDate®. Information was extracted from the DPI "Contraindications" and "Warnings and precautions" sections and compared with the information in the bibliographic sources.

"Inequalities in access to medicines for diabetes and hypertension across the capitals in different regions of Brazil: a population-based study".

Background: To guarantee prevention and adequate treatment, as required for the population to have access to health services and technologies, including medicines. The purpose of this study is to analyse the economic and regional inequalities in access to medicines for diabetes and hypertension among the adult population in Brazil.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with adults aged 18 and over from the VIGITEL study conducted in 2019 in all Brazilian regions.

Sources of access to medication and its use in the rural area of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2016: a cross-sectional population-based study.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of medication use, sources of access, and associated factors among rural residents in Pelotas, RS, Brazil.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 with adults ≥18 years old. Participants reported on medication use and sources of access to medication in the month prior to the interview.

Breastfeeding and risk classification of medications used during hospitalization for delivery: 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort.

Objective: To classify the drugs used during childbirth in relation to risks in breastfeeding, by using different sources of information and determining their disagreements.

Methods: Cross-sectional study, within the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort. Information about the use of drugs was collected, classified and compared regarding risk according to: 1) Brazil Ministry of Health Manual (MS), 2) World Organization (WHO), 3) Newton and Hale's classification and 4) American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).

Recommendation and use of ferrous sulphate in 12- and 24-month-old children: evaluation in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort.

Aim: To verify the prevalence of recommendation of iron supplementation among children aged 12 and 24 months.

Methodology: All children born in the maternities of Pelotas/RS in 2015 were eligible for the Cohort. The outcomes were the recommendation of ferrous sulphate by health professionals and its use.

Medication Use among Pregnant Women from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study.

Medication use during pregnancy is a common practice that has been increasing in recent years. The aim of this study is to describe medication use among pregnant women from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study. This paper relies on a population-based cohort study including 4270 women.

Associations of acetaminophen use during pregnancy and the first year of life with neurodevelopment in early childhood.

Background: Over-the-counter analgesic use during pregnancy, particularly acetaminophen, may be associated with negative developmental outcomes in children.

Objective: Estimate associations of prenatal and early-life exposure to acetaminophen in early childhood with cognitive, motor, and language skills in two birth cohorts.

Methods: The American Project Viva cohort (1217 mother-child pairs enrolled 1999-2002) assessed cognition at approximately 3 years using the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and the Wide Range Achievement of Visual Motor Abilities (WRAVMA).

Use of Medications by Breastfeeding Women in the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study.

This study describes medication use by women up to 3 months postpartum and evaluates the association between medication use by women who were still breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum and weaning at 6 and 12 months. Population-based cohort, including women who breastfed ( = 3988). Medications were classified according to Hale's lactation risk categories and Brazilian Ministry of Health criteria.

Unsafe storage of household medicines: results from a cross-sectional study of four-year-olds from the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort (Brazil).

Background: Unintentional child poisoning represents a significant public health problem across the globe, placing a substantial burden on health services emergency departments. Around the world, every year, thousands of children die as a result of physical injuries, most of which involve children under 5 years old. Medicines are the main products involved in poisoning, and children under 5 years old are the most vulnerable age group.

The use of folic acid, iron salts and other vitamins by pregnant women in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort: is there socioeconomic inequality?

Background: Many low- and middle-income countries recommend micronutrient supplements for pregnant women to improve their nutritional status, prevent possible deficiencies and avoid fetal healgth consequences. This study evaluated the influence of socioeconomic status on the use of folic acid, iron salts and other vitamins and minerals among pregnant women in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort.

Methods: This population-based birth cohort study was carried out with 4270 women.

Drug use in delivery hospitalization: Pelotas births cohort, 2015.

Objective: Trace the pattern of drug use during delivery hospitalization.

Method: Cross-sectional study carried out from June to October 2015, included in the 2015 Pelotas births cohort. All women living in the urban area of the city who were hospitalized for delivery were part of the sample.

[Validity of patient-reported anemia and therapeutic use of iron supplements during pregnancy: 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort].

This study aimed to investigate the validity of patient-reported anemia and therapeutic use of iron supplements, compared to hemoglobin values recorded on the patient's prenatal card. The study used data from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort. For validation of self-reported anemia, we included all mothers with hemoglobin values recorded on their prenatal card (N = 3,419), while validation of self-reported therapeutic use of iron supplements included those who had hemoglobin values recorded on their prenatal care and who reported having used medicines containing ferrous sulfate during pregnancy.

Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services in a Southern Brazilian City.

Introduction:: Well-planned and executed pharmaceutical services (PS) are important for proper treatment of the population's health needs, thus enabling the access to essential drugs and promoting their rational use.

Objective:: To assess the situation of PS in the city of Uruguaiana (State of Rio Grande do Sul), Brazil.

Methods:: This cross-sectional study was applied to 650 interviews between June and September of 2013 in 11 Basic Health Units (UBS) and in the Main Pharmacy of the city.

Impact of interventions to promote the use of generic drugs: a systematic review.

The need to increase access to medicines, coupled with the limited acceptance of generics has sparked the search for effective interventions to promote it. This systematic review aimed to conduct a survey on interventions to promote the use of generic drugs and its impact. Randomized clinical trials, non-randomized controlled trials, controlled before-after studies and interrupted time series were included.

Factors influencing the preference for purchasing generic drugs in a Southern Brazilian city.

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify factors associated with the preference for purchasing generic drugs in a medium-sized municipality in Southern Brazil.

Methods: We have analyzed data from a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in 2012 with a sample of 2,856 adults (≥ 20 years old). The preference for purchasing generic drugs was the main outcome.

[Perception, knowledge, and use of generic drugs in southern Brazil: what changed from 2002 to 2012?].

This study compared the perception, knowledge, and use of generic drugs by adults in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, using two cross-sectional population-based studies from 2002 and 2012. Study outcomes were: (a) prevalence of use of generics; (b) generics as a proportion of all medication; (c) users' perceptions of prices and quality; (d) users' knowledge of generics; and (e) strategies for acquisition of medicines. Prevalence of generics use increased from 3.