Uroflow measurements in healthy female volunteers.

Objective: : There is not currently a standard definition of "normal" for uroflowmetry parameters, particularly with respect to spontaneous voids or multiple repeated measurements within an individual. Our study aimed to describe uroflow parameters for "normal" in a group of healthy women based on repeated measurements.

Methods: : Spontaneous voids of twelve healthy women were recorded over two weeks.

Outcome of a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial of botulinum A toxin for refractory overactive bladder.

Purpose: We determined the effectiveness of cystoscopic administration of botulinum-A toxin compared to placebo for the treatment of urinary incontinence in subjects with idiopathic overactive bladder.

Materials And Methods: Subjects were recruited from the Division of Urogynecology at the University of Rochester. Inclusion criteria were overactive bladder refractory to anticholinergic medications, multiple daily incontinence episodes and a 24-hour pad weight of 100 gm or greater.

Pelvic organ prolapse in nulliparous women and their parous sisters.

Objective: To investigate the role of vaginal delivery and familial factors in the development of pelvic organ prolapse by comparing the prevalence of this condition in nulliparous women and their parous sisters.

Methods: Pairs of nulliparous and parous postmenopausal sisters were recruited for assessment of pelvic organ prolapse. One hundred one sister pairs underwent clinical evaluation.