A construct validation of the perceived Negative Context of Reception Scale with Indian American youth.

Objectives: Crucial to the resettlement experiences of immigrants is the degree to which the receiving country accepts them and affords them social support and opportunities. Through the factor structure and incremental validity of scores generated by the Negative Context of Reception (NCR) Scale, in the present study, we examine Indian American youths' perception of their context of reception using a sample of youth residing in the United States.

Method: Data came from a sample of 223 Indian American youth (aged 12-17) as part of a larger convergent mixed-methods project.

"Everything is kind of the same except my mind is with me": exploring cannabis substitution in a sample of adults in early recovery from an opioid or stimulant addiction.

Background: Recovery from addiction is frequently equated with abstinence. However, some individuals who resolve an addiction continue to use substances, including via substitution (i.e.

Faculty education in addiction training (FEAT): Evaluating an online training program for multidisciplinary health professions educators.

Many health professionals lack adequate training needed to effectively address alcohol and other drug (AOD)-related problems. Building upon our previously successful in-person faculty training programs, we designed and pilot tested the brief online Faculty Education in Addiction Training (FEAT) Program for social work and internal medicine residency faculty. The present study examines baseline and post-FEAT Program AOD knowledge and teaching confidence and preparedness among faculty participants.

Trends and drug-related correlates in residential mobility among young adults in the United States, 2003-2016.

Introduction: Young adulthood, typically conceptualized as stretching from the late teens to the mid-twenties, is a period of elevated risk for residential mobility (i.e., moving or changing residences frequently) and drug involvement.

Trends and correlates of perceived access to heroin among young adults in the United States, 2002-2016.

Background: We are at a unique moment in United States (US) history as heroin overdose rates are higher than at any time in recent memory. Based on prior research and the developmental risks faced by young adults (ages 18-25), we examine the trends and correlates of perceived access to heroin among this group over a 15-year period.

Methods: We analyzed national trend data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2002-2016) on young adults' (N = 247,679; ages 18-25) perceived access to heroin.

Advancing Alcohol and Other Drug Education among Social Work Faculty: An Evaluation of Social Work Faculty Immersion Training.

This study is an educational evaluation of participants (N = 50) in a four-day immersion training program funded by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Using a pretest-posttest design, clinical social work faculty participants showed statistically significant (p < .001) improvement in overall alcohol and other drug-related knowledge (Baseline: Mean[SD] = 8.

Introduction to the Special Issue: Educating Social Workers about Alcohol and Other Drug Use Disorders.

This Special Issue of focuses on an emerging effort, the Alcohol and Other Drugs Education Program (ADEP), designed to advance social work faculty knowledge and teaching in the area of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. In June 2017, with grant support from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the inaugural ADEP program provided in-depth, immersion-based training to 50 full-time, clinical faculty from social work programs across the United States. As detailed in this Special Issue, the preliminary results of our program were highly promising and we look forward to training more social work faculty in June 2018, and in years to come.

Addiction treatment staff perceptions of training as a facilitator or barrier to implementing evidence-based practices: a national qualitative research study.

Background: This qualitative effort examines training-related facilitators and barriers to implementing evidence-based practices (EBPs) in 285 community-based addiction treatment organizations (CBOs) nationwide that were funded by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (SAMHSA/CSAT) to implement EBPs.

Methods: Using qualitative interviews, the authors explored staff (N = 514) descriptions of training as a facilitator or barrier to implementation. Training-related factors were described 663 times as facilitators (by 440 staff) and 233 times as barriers (by 170 staff).

Organizational readiness for change in community-based addiction treatment programs and adherence in implementing evidence-based practices: a national study.

Unlabelled: Prior studies by the authors identified that clinical staff who reported that their treatment unit had lower levels of organizational readiness to change experienced higher levels of barriers in implementing an evidence-based practice (EBP). The current study examined whether clinical staff perceptions of their treatment unit's organizational readiness to change were also associated with their adherence to EBP protocols during EBP implementation. Adherence was examined through a variable measuring the extent to which staff modified EBP standards and manuals when implementing a new EBP.

Facilitating factors in implementing four evidence-based practices: reports from addiction treatment staff.

Unlabelled: In this Robert Wood Johnson Foundation-funded study (2009-2011), treatment staff (n = 178) from 330 federally funded U.S. addiction treatment programs provided data through semistructured telephone interviews about factors that facilitated their implementation of four evidence-based practices (EBPs).

Randomized trial of web-based training to promote counselor use of cognitive behavioral therapy skills in client sessions.

Background And Methods: The authors designed and delivered an innovative Web course on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a specific empirically based treatment, to a diverse group of addiction counselors and supervisors in 54 addiction units across the country, and conducted a randomized controlled trial of its effectiveness with 127 counselors. The primary focus of the trial was to assess "adequate adherence to CBT practice" after training as judged by raters blinded to training condition who listened to audiotapes of actual client sessions. Counselors who passed were judged to satisfy 2 criteria: (a) low pass or greater on at least 1 of 3 "CBT-generic skills" assessing session structure; and (b) low pass or greater on at least 1 of 3 "CBT-specific skills" related to use of functional analysis, cognitive skills practice, or behavioral skills practice.

Barriers to implementation of evidence-based addiction treatment: a national study.

Prior studies have identified that working in an addiction treatment unit with higher levels of organizational capacity is a factor associated with positive staff attitudes about evidence-based addiction treatment practices (EBPs). The study presented here explored whether staff perceptions about the organizational capacity of their treatment unit are also associated with staff experience of barriers to implementing EBPs. Multivariate regression methods examined the relationship between the clinical staff (n = 510) and director (n = 296) perceptions of organizational capacity (Texas Christian University Organizational Readiness for Change [TCU ORC]-staff and TCU ORC-director) and level of barriers experienced when implementing a new EBP controlling for a range of treatment unit characteristics, staff characteristics, and type of EBP implemented.

Addiction treatment provider attitudes on staff capacity and evidence-based clinical training: results from a national study.

This national study of addiction-treatment organizations' implementation of evidence-based practices examines: (1) organizational/leadership factors associated with director (n = 212) attitudes regarding staff resistance to organizational change, and (2) organizational/staff factors associated with staff (n = 312) attitudes regarding evidence-based clinical training. Linear regression analyses, controlling for type of treatment unit, leadership/staff characteristics and organizational readiness to change, identified that directors who perceived their organization needed more guidance and had less staff cohesion and autonomy rated staff resistance to organizational change significantly higher. Staff with higher levels of education and greater agreement that their organization supported change had greater preference for evidence-based trainings.

Modifications of evidence-based practices in community-based addiction treatment organizations: a qualitative research study.

This qualitative research effort explored implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in 100 community-based addiction treatment organizations (CBOs) nationwide. The study describes CBO program director attitudes on: (1) satisfaction with EBPs they were mandated to implement; (2) the extent to which their organization modified the EBPs; (3) reasons for modifications; and, (4) the standards they used for modifications. Findings indicate that program directors were highly positive both about EBPs implemented and the modifications made to those EBPs.

A Data Management System Integrating Web-based Training and Randomized Trials: Requirements, Experiences and Recommendations.

This article describes a data management system (DMS) developed to support a large-scale randomized study of an innovative web-course that was designed to improve substance abuse counselors' knowledge and skills in applying a substance abuse treatment method (i.e., cognitive behavioral therapy; CBT).

Predicting long-term outcomes for women physically abused in childhood: contribution of abuse severity versus family environment.

Objective: Child physical abuse (CPA) has been associated with adverse adult psychosocial outcomes, although some reports describe minimal long-term effects. The search for the explanation for heterogeneous outcomes in women with CPA has led to an examination of a range of CPA-related factors, from the severity of CPA incidents to the childhood family environment. This study compares several models for predicting adult outcomes: a multidimensional CPA severity scale, the presence or absence of CPA, family environment, and childhood stresses.

Moving empirically supported practices to addiction treatment programs: recruiting supervisors to help in technology transfer.

Federal and state funding agencies are encouraging or mandating the use of empirically supported treatments in addiction programs, yet many programs have not moved in this direction (Forman, Bovasso, and Woody, 2001 ; Roman and Johnson, 2002 ; Willenbring et al., 2004 ). To improve the skills of counselors in community addiction programs, the authors developed an innovative Web-based course on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), a widely accepted empirically-supported practice (ESP) for addiction.

Sibling agreement on retrospective reports of parental alcoholism and other childhood events.

Unlabelled: Studies have used siblings to verify subject reports of retrospective data and examined variables influencing subject-sibling agreement, but questions remain. From 1998 to 2000, we examined a community sample of women (N = 143) in a metropolitan area, aged 21-60, balanced by race, parental alcoholism, and social class, as well as their siblings, using standardized, self-administered questionnaires and an interview.

Research Questions: Do subject and sibling reports agree? Do reports vary by subject characteristics, or the type of childhood experience? Descriptive statistics showed that agreement was strong for measures of parental alcoholism and psychiatric problems, weaker for family environment, and varied little by subject characteristics.

Relationship between Multiple Forms of Maltreatment by a Parent or Guardian and Adolescent Alcohol Use.

This study examined the effect of the co-occurrence of multiple categories of maltreatment on adolescent alcohol use. Data were from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health which used a nationally representative sample of adolescents (n = 14,078). Among those reporting any maltreatment, over one-third had experienced more than one type of maltreatment.

A novel CBT Web course for the substance abuse workforce: community counselors' perceptions.

This article describes (a) a Web-based course for substance abuse counselors on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and (b) the evaluation of a prototype module from the Web-based course to determine the feasibility of the e-learning program for a community-based counselor audience. The course is part of a unique study that trains counselor-supervisor teams to increase the transfer of learned skills to the agency. Following curriculum design, the authors sought counselor reactions to the prototype module on strengths/limitations of the design, functionality, and effectiveness.

Promoting substance use education among generalist physicians: an evaluation of the Chief Resident Immersion Training (CRIT) program.

Background: Education about substance use (SU) disorders remains inadequate in medical training.

Objective: To describe the Chief Resident Immersion Training (CRIT) program in addiction medicine and to evaluate its impact on chief resident (CR) physicians' substance use knowledge, skills, clinical practice, and teaching.

Design: A controlled educational study of CRIT programs (2003, 2004, and 2005) for incoming CRs in generalist disciplines.

High-frequency users of detoxification: who are they?

Utilizing a longitudinal database (1996-2002) with all intake information from entries to all licensed drug treatment programs in Massachusetts (N = 27,801), this study examined factors associated with multiple detoxification admissions by injection drug users (IDUs). Four logistic regression models were developed. Although our hypothesis was that the highest frequency treatment users (in the 95th percentile) would be those in the detoxification-only group, this was incorrect: the highest frequency detoxification users were those most likely to use detoxification along with methadone maintenance, outpatient counseling, and/or residential treatment.