New optimization methods for designing rain stations network using new neural network, election, and whale optimization algorithms by combining the Kriging method.

In many studies of water and hydrological sources, estimation of the spatial distribution of precipitation based on point data recorded in rain gauge stations is of particular importance. The purpose of this paper is to optimize the network of rain gauge stations in the Sistan and Baluchestan Province with respect to the variance of Kriging and topography estimation in the region and to maintain or reduce the number of stations in the region (without incurring additional costs). A new neural network algorithm has been presented in the present study to determine the optimum rain gauge stations.

Synergistic Effect of Self-Assembled Curcumin and Piperine Co-Loaded Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles on Suppressing Cancer Cells.

Objective: The combinational therapy is often considered as a desire in chemotherapy despite some limitations. This study aimed to encapsulate two natural-based drugs, curcumin (CUR), and piperine (PIP) into highly biocompatible albumin nanoparticles for anticancer applications.

Significance: A simultaneous exertion of CUR and PIP in a biocompatible drug delivery system with the minimum side effects and no limitations was achievable in this work for cancer treatment.

Magnesium Increases the Protective Effect of Citicoline on Aluminum Chloride-induced Cognitive Impairment.

Objective: Alzheimer's disease is a popular neurodegenerative disorder which is growing in the elderly people. Exposure to environmental pollutant like aluminum could trigger or accelerate its involved mechanisms like tau phosphorylation. The current study will evaluate the effect of alone or co-administration of Citicoline or/and magnesium on the aluminum chloride induced memory impairment.

Protective Effects of Citicoline and Benfotiamine Each Alone and in Combination on Streptozotocin-induced Memory Impairment in Mice.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Studies have shown that citicoline and benfotiamine can improve memory and learning through different mechanism of actions. The aim of this study was to compare the individual effects of benfotiamine (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) and citicoline (50, 100, 250, 500 mg/kg, gavage) and their co-administration on memory impairments in diabetic mice.

Reducing agent-free synthesis of curcumin-loaded albumin nanoparticles by self-assembly at room temperature.

The purpose of this study was to prepare curcumin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (CCM-BSA-NPs) by reducing agent-free self-assembly at room temperature. A 2 factorial design approach was used to investigate the CCM-BSA-NP preparation process at different pH values, temperatures, dithiothreitol amounts, and CCM/BSA mass ratios. Increasing the ionic strength enabled preparation of CCM-BSA-NPs at 25°C without reducing agent.

Efficient delivery of therapeutic agents by using targeted albumin nanoparticles.

Albumin nanoparticles are one of the most important drug carriers for the delivery of therapeutic drugs, especially for the treatment of malignancies. This potential is due to their high binding capacity for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs and the possibility of surface modification. Accumulation of albumin-bound drugs in the tumor interstitium occurs by the enhanced permeability and retention effect, which is also facilitated by the 60-kDa glycoprotein transcytosis pathway and binding to secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine located in the tumor extracellular matrix.