The Role of Chemokines in Cardiovascular Diseases and the Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin on CXCL8 and CCL2 as Pathological Chemokines in Atherosclerosis.

Curcumin, as a vegetative flavonoid, has a protective and therapeutic role in various adverse states such as oxidative stress and inflammation. Remedial properties of this component have been reported in the different chronic diseases including cancers (myeloma, pancreatic, breast, colorectal), vitiligo, psoriasis, neuropathic pains, inflammatory disorders (osteoarthritis, uveitis, ulcerative colitis, Alzheimer), cardiovascular conditions, and diabetes.Cardiovascular disorders include atherosclerosis and various manifestations of atherosclerosis such as stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of mortality globally.

The Comparison of Antioxidant Effect of Aspirin, Metformin, Atorvastatin and Captopril Co-administration in the Heart and Kidney Tissues of Diabetic Rats.

The present study investigated the effects of co-administration of aspirin, metformin, atorvastatin and captopril on serum lipid profile and oxidative stress in the heart and kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In this study, rats were randomly divided into the following eleven groups: control (Cont.), and diabetic (D), as well as 9 groups that were treated with metformin (M, 300 mg/kg) or aspirin (ASA, 120 mg/kg) alone or in different combinations with captopril (C, 50 mg/kg), or atorvastatin (AT, 40 mg/kg), as follows: (D + M), (D + ASA), (D + M + ASA), (D + M + C), (D + M + AT), (D + M + C + ASA), (D + M + C + AT), (D + M + AT + ASA), and (D + M + C + AT + ASA).

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5-(imidazolyl-methyl) thiazolidinediones as antidiabetic agents.

A newly designed series of imidazolyl-methyl- l-2,4-thiazolidinediones 9 (a-m) were synthesized and In Silico studies were carried out to rationalize their anti-diabetic activity. Generally, all newly synthesized thiazolidinediones had anti-hyperglycemic activity compared with a diabetic-control group, without toxicity in 3T3 cells (viability ≥ 90%). These studies revealed that the compounds 9e and 9b (11∗10mol/kg) lowered blood glucose more effectively when compared to pioglitazone at the same dose.

Modulation of microRNAs by aspirin in cardiovascular disease.

Aspirin is among the most widely prescribed drugs in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for both primary and secondary prevention. The major mechanisms underlying its benefits are the inhibitory effects on platelet activation and prostanoid biosynthesis induced by COX-1 and COX-2 inactivation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are newly proposed mediators of the effects of aspirin.

Hsp70 inhibitors: Implications for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Despite intensive advances in diagnosis and treatment of CRC, it is yet one of the leading cause of cancer related morbidity and mortality. Therefore, there is an urgent medical need for alternative therapeutic approaches to treat CRC.

Natural products with SGLT2 inhibitory activity: Possibilities of application for the treatment of diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus currently affects as many as 400 million people worldwide, creating a heavy economic burden and stretching health care resources. A dysfunction of glucose homeostasis underlies the disease. Despite advances in the treatment of diabetes, many patients still suffer from complications and side effects; hence, development of more effective treatments for diabetes is still desirable.

Comparison of the Neuroprotective Effects of Aspirin, Atorvastatin, Captopril and Metformin in Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined intake of a high dose of aspirin, atorvastatin, captopril and metformin on oxidative stress in the brain cortex and hippocampus of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Material And Methods: Rats were randomly divided into the following 11 groups: control and diabetic (D), as well as 9 groups that were treated with metformin (M, 300 mg/kg) or aspirin (ASA, 120 mg/kg) alone or in different combinations with captopril (C, 50 mg/kg) and/or atorvastatin (AT, 40 mg/kg) as follows: (D + M), (D + ASA), (D + M + ASA), (D + M + C), (D + M + AT), (D + M + C + ASA), (D + M + C + AT), (D + M + AT + ASA) and (D + M + C + AT + ASA). The rats in treatment groups received drugs by gavage daily for six weeks.

Effects of standardized Zataria multiflora extract and its major ingredient, Carvacrol, on Adriamycin-induced hepatotoxicity in rat.

Background: Due to antioxidant effects of Zataria multiflora (ZM) and Carvacrol (CAR) in many cases and the prominent role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hepatotoxicity induced by Adriamycin (ADR), the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ZM and CAR on ADR-induced hepatotoxicity.

Methods: Twenty four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups including: 1)Control, 2)Adriamycin (ADR), 3,4) ZM + ADR and CAR + ADR that received ZM and CAR for 28 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected on the days 0, 14 and 28 to determine the alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.

The Preventive Effects of Standardized Extract of and Carvacrol on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat: - Carvacrol and Hepatotoxicity.

Objectives: The hepatotoxicity induced by Acetaminophen (AAP) mostly mediated by effect on oxidative stress parameters. The (Z.M) is an herbal medicine with well-known antioxidant effect.

Mechanisms of statin-induced new-onset diabetes.

Statins, with their lipid-lowering properties, are a first-line therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence, however, suggests that statins can increase the risk of new-onset diabetes (NOD). The molecular mechanisms of statin-induced NOD are not precisely known, although some pathophysiologic mechanisms have been suggested.

Cardiovascular effects of nitrergic system of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in anesthetized rats.

Objectives: Nitric oxide (NO) is an important neurotransmitter in central nervous system involved in central cardiovascular regulation. The presence of NO in the pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT) nucleus has been shown, but its cardiovascular effect has not been determined. In the present study, the cardiovascular effect of NO in the PPT nucleus was evaluated.

Protective effect of pomegranate seed oil against mercuric chloride-induced nephrotoxicity in rat.

Purpose: Heavy metals such as mercury can induce the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress which are associated with tissue injury. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of pomegranate seed oil against HgCl2-induced nephrotoxicity.

Methods: Twenty-four W/A adult rats were randomly divided into four groups.