Dietary amino acids intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: results from the Golestan Cohort Study.

Background: Less is known whether the amino acid composition of dietary protein sources effects on long-term health outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the association between dietary amino acid composition and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods: This study used data from the Golestan Cohort Study, which was performed in the Golestan Province of Iran from January 2004 to June 2008.

Hyperandrogenism and anthropometric parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: One of the main features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is increased adipose tissue, which can result in hormonal disturbances. In the present study, we aimed to investigate which indicator of obesity could better associate with hormonal disturbances in PCOS women.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, women with PCOS were included according to the Rotterdam criteria.

Circulating levels of C1q/TNF-α-related protein 6 (CTRP6) in coronary artery disease and its correlation with inflammatory markers.

Introduction: Circulating levels of C1q/TNF-α-related protein 6 (CTRP6) is an adipokine that is involved in regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity. However, the exact role of CTRP6 in metabolic processes remains unclear due to conflicting findings. To address current gap, we aimed to investigate the serum levels of CTRP6 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and its association with inflammatory cytokines.

Evaluation of novel 2-(quinoline-2-ylthio)acetamide derivatives linked to diphenyl-imidazole as α-glucosidase inhibitors: Insights from in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies on their anti-diabetic properties.

The inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme is crucial for targeting type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This study introduces a series of synthetic analogs based on thiomethylacetamide-quinoline derivatives linked to diphenyl-imidazole as highly potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. Twenty derivatives were synthesized and screened in vitro against α-glucosidase, revealing IC values ranging from 0.

Serum Vitamin D Status and Cognitive Function in Iranian Older Adults: Evidence from the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study.

Background: There is evidence of the role of vitamin D deficiency in cognitive decline. However, the results of studies regarding the relationship between the reduction of vitamin D concentrations and cognitive impairment are heterogeneous.

Objectives: We aimed to answer the question of whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with cognitive decline in older adults.

Risk factors for insulin resistance related to polycystic ovarian syndrome in Iranian population.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has significant metabolic sequelae linked to insulin resistance. This study aimed to compare clinical, metabolic, and hormonal characteristics of PCOS women with and without insulin resistance. The second aim was to compare the clinico-biochemical profiles of the various PCOS phenotypes.

Effects of Smoking on COVID-19 Management and Mortality: An Umbrella Review.

Introduction: Smoking status appears to lead to a poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. However, findings from the studies conducted on this topic have not been consistent, and further exploration is required.

Methods: The objective of this umbrella review was to examine the effects of smoking on COVID-19 management and mortality.

Previously Unreported Pseudomembranous Duodenitis: A Case Report With Histopathology.

The pseudomembranous inflammatory process is a process characterized by the formation of a white membrane-like exudate over colonic mucosa and is mainly caused by toxin. The stool culture is considered to be the gold standard and is technically challenging and is not performed routinely. There are some reports of duodenitis and proximal jejunitis in horses attributed to infection.

Diagnostic accuracy of circular RNA for diabetes Mellitus: a systematic review and diagnostic Meta-analysis.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the pooled diagnostic ability of circular RNA (circRNA) molecules for diabetes mellitus.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for relevant studies. A total of 2070 participants, including 775 diabetic patients and 1295 healthy individuals, from five studies were included in this meta-analysis.

Estimating Methods of the Undetected Infections in the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The accurate number of COVID-19 cases is essential knowledge to control an epidemic. Currently, one of the most important obstacles in estimating the exact number of COVID-19 patients is the absence of typical clinical symptoms in a large number of people, called asymptomatic infections. In this systematic review, we included and evaluated the studies mainly focusing on the prediction of undetected COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates as well as the reproduction numbers, utilizing various mathematical models.

Antioxidative hypoglycemic herbal medicines with in vivo and in vitro activity against C-reactive protein; a systematic review.

Background: Inflammation is a double-edged sword in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The global rise in the prevalence of T2DM in one hand, and poor disease control with currently-available treatments on the other hand, along with an increased tendency towards the use of natural products make scientists seek herbal medicines for the management of diabetes and its complications by reducing C-reactive protein (CRP) as an inflammatory marker.

Purpose: To systematically review the literature to identify the efficacy of various medicinal plants with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties considering their effect on CRP in animal models of T2DM.

The Association of Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis with Gastrointestinal Cancers and Its Diagnostic Efficacy.

Background: The second leading mortality cause in the world is cancer, making it a critical issue that impacts human health. As a result, scientists are looking for novel biomarkers for cancer detection. The oral microbiome, made up of approximately 700 species-level taxa, is a significant source for discovering novel biomarkers.

Previously Unreported Esophageal Lymphoid Polyp in a Child: A Case Report with Histopathology.

: Benign esophageal tumors are uncommon; most are detected by chance upon endoscopy. Lymphoid polyps, like those of the small and large intestine, have not been reported to occur in the esophagus. We describe an esophageal benign lymphoid polyp.

Circular RNAs in Alzheimer's Disease: A New Perspective of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as covalently closed single-stranded noncoding RNA molecules, have been recently identified to involve in several biological processes, principally through targeting microRNAs. Among various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), accumulating evidence has proposed key roles for circRNAs in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD); although the exact relationship between these RNA molecules and AD progression is not clear, they have been believed to mostly act as miRNA sponges or gene transcription modulators through correlating with multiple proteins, involved in the accumulation of Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, as well as tau protein, as AD's pathological hallmark. More interestingly, circRNAs have also been reported to play diagnostic and therapeutic roles during AD progression.

The association between advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and ABC (hemoglobin A1C, blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) control parameters among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetes-induced chronic hyperglycemia results in the formation and aggregation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which are products of non-enzymatic glycosylation of lipids or proteins. The development of diabetic complications can be accelerated by AGEs. In the current study, we aimed to explore the relationship between AGEs levels and ABC goals of diabetes control (A: Hemoglobin A1C < 7.

Demographic aspects, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic approaches in geriatric psoriasis: A study from a tertiary center.

Geriatric psoriasis, due to its unusual clinical manifestations and higher rates of systemic complications in this age group, is a challenging issue for dermatologists. Therefore, we aimed to provide an overview of the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic consequences among patients aged over 60 years with psoriasis in a referral center in Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 patients over 60 years with the definitive diagnosis of psoriasis that were referred to our center between 2015 and 2019.

cell-based models of drug-induced hepatotoxicity screening: progress and limitation.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the major causes of post-approval withdrawal of therapeutics. As a result, there is an increasing need for accurate predictive assays that reliably detect hepatotoxic drug candidates while reducing drug discovery time, costs, and the number of animal experiments. hepatocyte-based research has led to an improved comprehension of the underlying mechanisms of chemical toxicity and can assist the prioritization of therapeutic choices with low hepatotoxicity risk.

Characteristics of published/registered clinical trials on COVID-19 treatment: A systematic review.

Objectives: Due to the rapid spread of COVID-19 worldwide, many countries have designed clinical trials to find efficient treatments. We aimed to critically report the characteristics of all the registered and published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) conducted on COVID-19, and summarize the evaluation of potential therapies developed in various regions.

Evidence Acquisition: We comprehensively searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Clinicaltrial.