Macrophages after myocardial infarction: Mechanisms for repairing and potential as therapeutic approaches.

Macrophages - one of the crucial immune cells, are recruited to the cardiac tissue by chemokines, cytokines and upregulated endothelial adhesion molecules after myocardial infarction (MI). During the course of inflammation in the cardiac tissue, necrotic cells and matrix debris is phagocytosed by M1 macrophages. During the resolution phase of cardiac inflammation, M2 macrophages promote cardiac recovery.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: The balance mechanism between mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is an injury to cardiomyocytes due to restoration of blood flow after myocardial infarction (MI). It has recently gained much attention in clinical research with special emphasis on the roles of mitochondrial autophagy and inflammation. A mild inflammatory response promotes recovery of post-ischemic cardiomyocyte function and vascular regeneration, but a severe inflammatory response can cause irreversible and substantial cellular damage.

Pretreated MSCs with IronQ Transplantation Attenuate Microglia Neuroinflammation via the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a devastating form of stroke, is characterized by elevated morbidity and mortality rates. Neuroinflammation is a common occurrence following ICH. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have exhibited potential in treating brain diseases due to their anti-inflammatory properties.

Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule alleviates myocardial fibrosis by improving endothelial cell dysfunction.

Background And Aim: Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu (ZL) capsule is a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with satisfactory curative effects. Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction plays an important role during myocardial fibrosis (MF). But the therapeutic effect of ZL capsule on EC dysfunction remains unknown in the development of MF.

Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule inhibits rabbit model of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis through NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Objective: Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule (ZL) is a Chinese patent medicine for treating cardio-cerebral diseases. However, the pharmacological mechanism by which it regulates blood lipids and treats atherosclerosis (AS) is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of ZL inhibiting hyperlipidemia and treating AS through NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule attenuates intracerebral hemorrhage induced redox imbalance by modulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway.

One of the severely debilitating and fatal subtypes of hemorrhagic stroke is intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which lacks an adequate cure at present. The (ZLHXTY) capsule has been utilized effectively since last decade to treat ICH, in some provinces of China but the scientific basis for its mechanism is lacking. To investigate the neuroprotective role of ZLHXTY capsules for ICH-induced oxidative injury through the regulation of redox imbalance with the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation combined with IronQ attenuates ICH-induced inflammation response via Mincle/syk signaling pathway.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe brain-injured disease accompanied by cerebral edema, inflammation, and subsequent neurological deficits. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation has been used as a neuroprotective therapy in nervous system diseases because of its anti-inflammatory effect. Nevertheless, the biological characteristics of transplanted MSCs, including the survival rate, viability, and effectiveness, are restricted because of the severe inflammatory response after ICH.

Clinical effect of Danshen decoction in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The incidence of heart failure (HF) is increasing year by year, posing a great threat to human health. Although pharmacotherapy has been able to significantly prolong patient survival, pharmacotherapy for HF still has limitations due to its complex pathogenesis and considerable individual variability, there is a great need to explore complementary and alternative therapies to slow down the progression of HF. Danshen decoction is used to treat several cardiovascular diseases including HF, but the efficacy of stabilization is uncertain.

Immunomodulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regarded as highly promising cells for allogeneic cell therapy, owing to their multipotent nature and ability to display potent and varied functions in different diseases. The functions of MSCs, including native immunomodulation, high self-renewal characteristic, and secretory and trophic properties, can be employed to improve the immune-modulatory functions in diseases. MSCs impact most immune cells by directly contacting and/or secreting positive microenvironmental factors to influence them.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles/exosome: A promising therapeutic strategy for intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second largest type of stroke with high mortality and morbidity. The vast majority of survivors suffer from serious neurological defects. Despite the well-established etiology and diagnose, there is still some controversy over the ideal treatment strategy.

Material basis and integrative pharmacology of danshen decoction in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the primary and predominant threats to human health with increasing incidence. Danshen Decoction (DSD) as an adjuvant therapy can benefit CVDs patients by improving clinical efficacy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the active components and potential pharmacological mechanisms of DSD by combining mass spectrometry with a network pharmacology strategy and to review the use of DSD in the treatment of CVDs.

Neuroinflammation of microglia polarization in intracerebral hemorrhage and its potential targets for intervention.

Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and play a key role in neurological diseases, including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Microglia are activated to acquire either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory phenotypes. After the onset of ICH, pro-inflammatory mediators produced by microglia at the early stages serve as a crucial character in neuroinflammation.

Exploring the Ferroptosis Mechanism of Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu Capsule for the Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Based on Network Pharmacology and Validation.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of the Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu (ZL) capsule in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) via targeting ferroptosis based on network pharmacology.

Methods: The active ingredients and related key targets of the ZL capsule were screened using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were also performed.

Danshen decoction in the treatment of heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is considered the clinical endpoint of all cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Although a large number of HF drugs and therapies have been developed, it is still need to find therapies with better clinical efficacy and fewer side effects. The purpose of this systematic evaluation is to assess the efficacy and safety of Danshen decoction on HF and the improvement of cardiac function (CF).

Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification Reveal the Mechanism of the Hirudin in Suppressing Myocardial Hypertrophy.

Myocardial hypertrophy is a complex pathological process, which is a common manifestation during the development of various cardiovascular diseases. Hirudin has been shown to have therapeutic effects on a variety of cardiovascular diseases, however, its therapeutic effect on myocardial hypertrophy is still unknown, and its chemical and pharmacological characteristics remain to be elucidated. In this study, the network pharmacology method was used to characterize the mechanism of hirudin on myocardial hypertrophy.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Application and Its Therapeutic Mechanisms in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a common lethal subtype of stroke accounting for nearly 10-15% of the total stroke disease and affecting two million people worldwide, has a high mortality and disability rate and, thus, a major socioeconomic burden. However, there is no effective treatment available currently. The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine is well known owing to the simplicity of acquisition from various sources, low immunogenicity, adaptation to the autogenic and allogeneic systems, immunomodulation, self-recovery by secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs), regenerative repair, and antioxidative stress.

Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu Capsules Ameliorate Early Brain Inflammatory Injury Induced by Intracerebral Hemorrhage Inhibition of Canonical NFкβ Signalling Pathway.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a debilitating and fatal condition with continuously rising incidence globally, without effective treatment available. (ZLHXTY) capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used for ICH treatment in China. However, the evidence based mechanism is not clear.

Design and Application of Near-Infrared Nanomaterial-Liposome Hybrid Nanocarriers for Cancer Photothermal Therapy.

Liposomes are attractive carriers for targeted and controlled drug delivery receiving increasing attention in cancer photothermal therapy. However, the field of creating near-infrared nanomaterial-liposome hybrid nanocarriers (NIRN-Lips) is relatively little understood. The hybrid nanocarriers combine the dual superiority of nanomaterials and liposomes, with more stable particles, enhanced photoluminescence, higher tumor permeability, better tumor-targeted drug delivery, stimulus-responsive drug release, and thus exhibiting better anti-tumor efficacy.

Dopamine receptor D2 antagonism normalizes profibrotic macrophage-endothelial crosstalk in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background & Aims: Currently there is no effective treatment for liver fibrosis, which is one of the main histological determinants of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). While Hippo/YAP (Yes-associated protein) signaling is essential for liver regeneration, its aberrant activation frequently leads to fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Unravelling "context-specific" contributions of YAP in liver repair might help selectively bypass fibrosis and preserve the pro-regenerative YAP function in hepatic diseases.

Implication of ferroptosis in aging.

Life is indeed continuously going through the irreversible and inevitable process of aging. The rate of aging process depends on various factors and varies individually. These factors include various environmental stimuli including exposure to toxic chemicals, psychological stress whereas suffering with various illnesses specially the chronic diseases serve as endogenous triggers.

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine against COVID-19.

Background: Currently, the number of confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 worldwide continues to rise, receiving great concern from the international community. However, there is no specific and widely accepted effective vaccines. The experience in controlling the outbreak in China has proven the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Research Advance on Qingfei Paidu Decoction in Prescription Principle, Mechanism Analysis and Clinical Application.

Since the sudden epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine immediately organized experts to formulate and screen the effective prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine according to the characteristics of the novel coronavirus infection. Qingfei Paidu decoction (QFPDD) has been proven to be effective in multi-provincial clinical trials, and has been selected as a general prescription for the treatment of COVID-19 in different stages that was later promoted to be used nationwide. This review highlights the latest advances of QFPDD, focusing on the TCM theory, mechanism analysis, clinical application of QFPDD and its future perspectives.