Comparative Toxicity of TiO and Sn-Doped TiO Nanoparticles in Zebrafish After Acute and Chronic Exposure.

This study was conducted to assess the toxicological potential of synthesized pure and Sn-doped TiO NPs (Sn-TiO NPs) in zebrafish after acute and chronic exposure. The pure TiO NPs, 4%, and 8% Sn-TiO NPs were synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope, diffuse reflectance spectra, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential analyses. The pure TiO NPs, 4%, and 8% Sn-TiO NPs were spherical with average sizes of about 40, 28, and 21 nm, respectively, indicating significant size reduction of TiO NPs following Sn doping.

Oxidative stress, genotoxic effects, and other damages caused by chronic exposure to silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and their mixtures in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

This study assessed the oxidative stress impacts of Ag NPs and ZnO NPs and their mixtures in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of each NP and a mixture for 28 days followed by a 28-day recovery period (without NP exposure) and measurements made on hepatic levels of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx), MDA levels, expression of the genes for the Hsp70 and Hsp90, and MT, blood biochemical parameters (total protein, globulin, albumin, AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH), and genotoxicity in erythrocytes (via measurement of micronuclei (MN) and nuclear (NA) abnormalities). There was a tendency for an increase in the variation in the responses of antioxidant defense systems and there were higher MDA levels with increasing exposure concentration of Ag NPs and with increasing exposure time.

Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in the Presence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Differs for Acute and Chronic Exposures in Zebrafish.

We assessed the acute toxicity effects (96 h) of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and chronic (28 d) exposure to Ag NPs, including in combination with ZnO NPs. In the chronic studies, we further assessed the toxicokinetics and bioaccumulation of Ag and the resulting histopathological effects in the gill, intestine, and liver of zebrafish. Co-exposures with ZnO NPs reduced the toxicity of Ag NPs for acute (lethality) but enhanced the toxicity effects (tissue histopathology) for chronic exposures.

Toxicological effects of AgO and AgCO doped TiO nanoparticles and pure TiO particles on zebrafish (Danio rerio).

In this study, the toxic effects of silver oxide and silver carbonate doped TiO nanoparticles (AgO-TiO NPs and AgCO-TiONPs), TiO nanoparticles (TiO NPs), and bulk TiO on gene expression, lipid peroxidation, genotoxicity, and histological alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) was assessed. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Zeta potential analyses. TiONPs after doping with Ag showed shift to higher wavelengths and decrease of band gap energy.