Comprehensive Analysis of Multiresidue Pesticides from Process Water Obtained from Wastewater Treatment Facilities Using Solid-Phase Microextraction.

A novel magnetic blade spray-tandem mass spectrometry (MBS-MS/MS) assay was developed and optimized, and its performance was characterized for the analysis of 204 pesticides from wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) process water. These results were compared and experimentally validated with an untargeted, high-resolution MS (HRMS) approach that employed liquid chromatography (LC)-amenable thin-film microextraction (TFME) devices to further elucidate the fate of pesticides through the WWTF process. As a result of our optimizations, we report an optimized workflow with an extraction time of 10 min, 150 μg of magnetic HLB particles, and 5 s of desorption.

Introducing a mechanically robust SPME sampler for the on-site sampling and extraction of a wide range of untargeted pollutants in environmental waters.

The present study introduces a mechanically robust, sealable SPME sampler for the on-site sampling and extraction of a wide range of untargeted pollutants in environmental waters. Spray-coating and dip coating methodologies were used to coat the surfaces of six stainless steel bolts with a layer of HLB/PAN particles, which served as the extractive substrate in the proposed device. In addition, this sampler was designed to withstand rough handling, long storage times, and various environmental conditions.

Development of a Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balanced Thin Film Solid Phase Microextraction Device for Balanced Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds.

A novel hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced (HLB) thin film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) device is proposed for polarity-balanced determinations of volatile organic compounds. The proposed HLB particles used in the preparation of these membranes were prepared using a precipitation polymerization technique and determined to have a specific surface area of 335 m/g with an average pore diameter of 13 Å. Membranes prepared from these particles were found to extract 1.

An overview of the most common lab-made coating materials in solid phase microextraction.

In the present review, five well-established groups of lab-made SPME coatings materials including metal organic frameworks (MOFs), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs), conductive polymers (CPs), ionic liquids (ILs), and all their derivations have been evaluated comprehensively, and their unique features, well-proven significant extraction performances as well as drawbacks have been also examined. This paper aims to give a comprehensive overview of what these materials are, why they are proper choices for SPME coatings, and what strengths and drawbacks have been associated with their usage as SPME coatings. Moreover, the present review provides information about the perspective developments regarding SPME coating materials.

Fiber-in-tube solid-phase microextraction of caffeine as a molecular tracer in wastewater by electrochemically deposited layered double hydroxide.

Modified stainless-steel wires with a layer of polyaniline conductive polymer were coated by electrochemical deposition with Zn/Al layered double hydroxide to make solid-phase microextraction fibers. The coating layer was also electrochemically deposited on the inner surface of a stainless-steel tube. Then, ten prepared fibers were put inside the inner coated tube to make a fiber-in-tube solid phase microextraction device.

Ordered mesoporous carbon as sorbent for the extraction of N-nitrosamines in wastewater and swimming pool water.

The analysis and determination of N-nitrosamines (NAs) in water samples are challenging and demanding. In this study, a simple, reliable, and practical methodology is reported for the quantitative determination by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electron impact ionization (EI) and triple quadrupole analyzer (GC-EI-MS/MS) of eight NAs after micro-solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) from wastewater and swimming pool water. Thirty milligram of an ordered mesoporous carbonaceous material, oxidative surface-modified CMK-3, enclosed within a porous polypropylene membrane bag, were used as sorbent for μ-SPE.

Introducing surface-modified ordered mesoporous carbon as a promising sorbent for extraction of N-nitrosamines.

The extraction and pre-concentration of N-nitrosamines (NAs) before their determination are mainly achieved by carbonaceous sorbents. However, the non-polar or relatively less polar NAs are strongly absorbed on the carbonaceous surface of the sorbent, leading to low extraction recoveries. In the present study, for the first time, CMK-3 and surfacemodified CMK-3 (O-CMK-3) were used to extract NAs from water.

Micro-solid phase extraction of perfluorinated carboxylic acids from human plasma.

Micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE), with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed for the determination of trace levels of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) in human plasma. The μ-SPE sorbent was surfactant-templated mesoporous silica. Extraction time, desorption time and salt concentration were chosen as the most effective parameters and were optimized simultaneously by use of central composite design.

Application of surfactant-templated ordered mesoporous material as sorbent in micro-solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for determination of perfluorinated carboxylic acids in aqueous media.

In the present study, micro-solid phase extraction (µ-SPE) followed by liquid chromatography-triple tandem mass spectrometery (LC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) at trace levels in water samples. The µ-SPE device comprised of a porous polypropylene membrane bag containing 5mg sorbent. The membrane bag acted as a clean-up filter and prevented matrix compounds from interfering with the extraction process.

Determination of perfluorinated carboxylic acids in fish fillet by micro-solid phase extraction, followed by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.

In the current study, a simple, fast and efficient combination of protein precipitation and micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) in fish fillet. Ten PFCAs with different hydrocarbon chain lengths (C5-C14) were analysed simultaneously using this method. Protein precipitation by acetonitrile and μ-SPE by surfactant-incorporated ordered mesoporous silica were applied to the extraction and concentration of the PFCAs as well as for removal of interferences.