The effect of repeated coffee mouth rinsing and caffeinated gum consumption on aerobic capacity and explosive power of table tennis players: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Background: Athletes require proper nutrition to enhance training and performance. Studies indicate that alternative sources of caffeine, such as caffeinated chewing gum, mouth rinses, energy gels, and coffee can improve performance. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of consuming caffeinated gum (CG) and repeated coffee mouth rinsing (CMR) on professional male table tennis players' aerobic capacity and explosive power.

Plyometric training with additional load improves jumping performance and isokinetic strength parameters of knee extensors and flexors in young male soccer players.

This study investigated the effect of plyometric training with and without additional load on young male soccer players' jumping ability and isokinetic strength. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 39 U-17 male trained soccer players were randomly divided into plyometric training with additional load (PT+AL), plyometric training with just bodyweight (PTBW) and control (CON) groups. PT+AL and PTBW were performed for six weeks (2 days/week).

Effects of menstrual cycle on cognitive function, cortisol, and metabolism after a single session of aerobic exercise.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the two pre-ovulatory and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle on cognitive function, as well as possible mediators of metabolism and salivary cortisol, at rest and after an aerobic exercise session.

Study Design: Twelve active young unmarried women aged 22-30 years volunteered to participate in the study. The participants performed a 20-min exercise session on a cycle ergometer at 60-70% of their reserve heart rate twice, during the follicular (pre-ovulation: days 7-10) and luteal (mid-luteal: days 21-24) phases of the menstrual cycle.

Correlation between physical activity, appetite, and body composition during menopausal transition and postmenopause in Iranian women.

Background: Hormone fluctuations in women are accompanied by an increase in obesity. Although obesity has various causes, the interaction between obesity and menopausal status remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the interaction between lifestyle physical activities (PAs), such as occupational and household activities, and purposeful exercise, such as sports, with appetite and their correlation with body composition during the menopausal transition (MT) and postmenopausal (PM) phases.

Low and High Doses of Espresso Coffee Improve Repeated Sprint Performance and Eye-Hand Coordination Following Fatigue Status in Male Basketball Players.

Background: Although several studies have evaluated the effect of coffee on sports performance, the effect of caffeine on sports performance during fatigue status remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of high and low doses of coffee on the repeated sprint test (RST), perceived fatigue (PF), and eye-hand coordination following physical fatigue status in male basketball players.

Methods: Twenty-four male basketball players were randomly placed in 4 conditions including ) low-dose espresso coffee (LDEC); ) high-dose espresso coffee (HDEC); ) decaffeinated espresso coffee (PLA); and ) no drinking (CON).

The effect of pentoxifylline and different types of exercise training on coagulation factors in a rat endometriosis model.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and pentoxifylline (PTX) on coagulation factors, including the amount and percentage of lymphocytes, PLC, PLR, aPTT, PT, PT.I.N.

Immunoinflammatory Response to Acute Noise Stress in Male Rats Adapted with Different Exercise Training.

Objective: Noise pollution is a kind of stress that impairs various physiological functions. This study evaluated the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) on corticosterone, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte responses to acute noise stress in male rats.

Design: Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups, including control which was assessed at the beginning, control time which was assessed simultaneously with experimental groups (CT), HIIT, MCT, HIIT followed by noise stress (HIIT+S), MCT followed by noise stress (MCT+S), and noise stress.

Efficacy of exercise training-based cardiac rehabilitation programmes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The beneficial effects of exercise training-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in different cardiac conditions have been previously studied. In this meta-analysis, we focused on the potential impact of CR on patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Methods: Multiple databases were searched in a systematic approach to find the eligible studies.

The effect of aquatic training and vitamin D3 supplementation on bone metabolism in postmenopausal obese women.

Purpose: Despite prevalence of studies indicating the positive effect of land-based exercise on bone metabolism, there are limited findings regarding the effect of aquatic exercise. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of aquatic training and vitamin D3 supplementation on femur bone mineral density (BMD), serum 25(OH)D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in postmenopausal obese women with vitamin D insufficiency.

Methods: 40 postmenopausal obese women were randomly divided into four groups of aquatic training + vitamin D3 intake group; (ATD), aquatic training with placebo intake group (AT), vitamin D3 intake group (D), and control group with placebo intake (CON).

Lactate entrance into the brain facilities adipose tissue lipolysis during exercise via circulating calcitonin gene-related peptide.

Objectives: We assessed the relationships between CGRP, lactate and fat regulation.

Methods: We evaluated the effect of intracerebroventricular (i.c.

Effect of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Muscle Soreness and Performance Recovery after Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Female Volleyball Players.

Background: Beetroot juice (BRJ) contains various bioactive compounds suggested to be effective in improving athlete recovery. However, the number of studies evaluating the effects of BRJ on recovery and muscle soreness (MS) indicators in female athletes is limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of BRJ consumption on the performance recovery indicators and MS after exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in female volleyball players.

Repeated mouth rinsing of coffee improves the specific-endurance performance and jump performance of young male futsal players.

Background: Mouth-rinsing with ergogenic solutions such as carbohydrate and caffeinated drinks has been considered among athletes as a practical nutritional strategy. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of repeated coffee mouth-rinsing (CMR) doses on specific performances of futsal players.

Method: Twenty-four male futsal players randomly participated in this randomized, double-blind, and crossover design study.

Additive beneficial effects of aerobic training and royal jelly on hippocampal inflammation and function in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis rats.

Background: Although the beneficial role of training and the use of some antioxidants in physiological and psychological disorders in autoimmune diseases has been reported, the simultaneous effect of aerobic training (AT) and royal jelly (RJ) with different doses is not well understood. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of AT and RJ on inflammatory factors in the hippocampus, as well as depression and anxiety in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats with EAE were assigned to seven groups: (1) EAE without any other intervention (EAE); (2) sham, receiving normal saline (Sh); (3) 50 mg/kg RJ (RJ50); (4) 100 mg/kg RJ (RJ100); (5) AT; (6) AT + RJ50; and (7) AT + RJ100.

Interactive Effects of Swimming High-Intensity Interval Training and Resveratrol Supplementation Improve Mitochondrial Protein Levels in the Hippocampus of Aged Rats.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress cause damage to cells which can lead to the aging process and age-related diseases. Antioxidants such as resveratrol and high-intensity exercise can benefit oxidative damage prevention. This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of swimming high-intensity interval training and resveratrol on mitochondrial metabolism key proteins, SIRT5, SOD1, and PDH-E1, and the level of NAD as a cofactor in the deacetylation process in aged rat hippocampus.

High-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training ameliorate the deteriorating acute effect of noise stress on corticosterone and testosterone in rats.

Purpose: Noise has become an integral part of human life. Noise stress affect various physiological indices. In the present study, the effects of acute noise stress on corticosterone and testosterone and testosterone to cortisol ratio (T/C) in male rats, trained with two types of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) were evaluated.

The Effect of Exercise Training and Royal Jelly on Hippocampal Cannabinoid-1-Receptors and Pain Threshold in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Rats as Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Cannabinoid-1-receptors (CB1R) are therapeutic targets for both the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), and some related symptoms such as pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic training and two dosages of royal jelly (RJ) on hippocampal CB1R and pain threshold (PT) in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. To this end, 56 female Sprague-Dawley rats with EAE were randomly assigned to one of the following eight conditions: (1) EAE; (2) sham; (3) 50 mg/kg RJ (RJ50); (4) 100 mg/kg RJ (RJ100); (5) exercise training (ET); (6) ET + RJ50; (7) ET + RJ100; and (8) not EAE or healthy control (HC).

Effect of performing high-intensity interval training and resistance training on the same day vs. different days in women with type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with chronic inflammation as a critical factor for muscle atrophy and disease progression. Although the combination of aerobic and resistance training leads to more significant improvements in health-related indices for T2D patients, the interference effect in concurrent training can decrease positive adaptations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological adaptations in performing high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training on the same day vs.

The Effects of Exercise on Cerebellar Growth-Associated Protein 43 and Adenylyl Cyclase- Associated Protein 1 Gene Expression and Proteins in Diabetic-Induced Neuropathy and Healthy Male Wistar Rats.

Background: The effect of exercise on the cerebellum cells in diabetic-induced neuropathy and healthy situations is not clear yet. Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP-1) proteins can restore nerve cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on GAP-43 and CAP-1 and their mRNA in the cerebellar tissue of diabetic-induced neuropathy and healthy Wistar rats.

Probiotic Supplementation and High-Intensity Interval Training Modify Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Corticosterone in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Mice.

Evidence supports the role of exercise training and probiotics on reducing obesity. Considering the relationship between obesity and high-fat diet with anxiety indices, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of probiotic supplementation and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on anxiety-like behaviors, corticosterone and obesity indices in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mice. Thirty male adult C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: (1) Control with normal diet (CON), (2) High-fat diet (HFD), (3) HFD + exercise training (HT), (4) HFD + probiotics supplement (HP) and (5) HFD + exercise training +probiotics (HTP).

Effects of exercise training on immunological factors in kidney transplant recipients; a randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12 week exercise training on the immune system of kidney transplant recipients. 23 kidney transplant recipients were randomly divided into two groups including control (n = 10) and training (n =13) groups. The training groups participated in the training for 10 weeks (three days a week; each day 60-90 minutes).

The effect of pilates training on hormonal and psychophysical function in older women.

Background: DHEA-S and cortisol and their ratio are important determinants of some physiological and psychological function during aging. The present study aimed to determine the effect of eight weeks of pilates training on diurnal salivary cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and cortisol to DHEA-S ratio, cardiorespiratory fitness (CF), and psychological function in older women.

Methods: Twenty-seven healthy older women (aged 60-65 years) participated in the study voluntarily and were divided into two groups of pilates training (N.

The Effect of Exercise and Psychological Stress on Anti- and Proinflammatory Cytokines.

Background/aims: Research evidence regarding immune system responses and adaptations to psychological or physical stresses is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8-week psychological stress and exercise activity (chronic adaptation) and the acute response of possibly adapted rats to psychological stress and exercise considering IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-4/IFN-γ.

Methods: Thirty-two rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 animals including control, exercise, psychological stress, and combination of exercise with psychological stress.

The Effect of Swimming on Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Corticosterone in Stressed and Unstressed Rats.

This study assessed the effect of swimming training on anxiety-like behaviors and corticosterone. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five study conditions: swimming training (ST); exposure to chronic mild stress (CS); exposure to chronic mild stress followed by swimming training (CS + ST); exposure to chronic mild stress followed by a recovery period (CS + recovery); control. The exercise training consisted of 60 min of swimming exercise per day, for five days a week, and four consecutive weeks.