Predictive Value of Blood Markers in Nonfunctional Pituitary Adenomas using Artificial Neural Network.

Background: Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are the most common pituitary tumors and although they do not secrete hormones, they can have systemic effects. These tumors affect the function of other organs in the body by exerting pressure on the pituitary gland. There are differences between biomarkers NFPAs compared to healthy people.

Short interfering RNA in colorectal cancer: is it wise to shoot the messenger?

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the leading cause of gastrointestinal cancer death. 90% of people diagnosed with colorectal cancer are over the age of 50; nevertheless, the illness is more aggressive among those detected at a younger age. Chemotherapy-based treatment has several adverse effects on both normal and malignant cells.

DihydrofolateReductase (DHFR) Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an indispensable enzyme required for the survival of most prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells as it is involved in the biosynthesis of essential cellular components. DHFR has attracted a lot of attention as a molecular target for various diseases like cancer, bacterial infection, malaria, tuberculosis, dental caries, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, fungal infection, influenza, Buruli ulcer, and respiratory illness. Various teams of researchers have reported different DHFR inhibitors to explore their therapeutic efficacy.

Oral microbiota in cancer: could the bad guy turn good with application of polyphenols?

The human oral cavity is comprised of dynamic and polynomial microbes which uniquely reside in the microenvironments of oral cavities. The cumulative functions of the symbiotic microbial communities maintain normal homeostasis; however, a shifted microbiota yields a dysbiosis state, which produces local and systemic diseases including dental caries, periodontitis, cancer, obesity and diabetes. Recent research reports claim that an association occurs between oral dysbiosis and the progression of different types of cancers including oral, gastric and pancreatic ones.

A Concise Review of Common Plant-derived Compounds as a Potential Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease: Insight into Structure-Activity-Relationship.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most common neurological illnesses that affect people in their later years. Memory loss is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, while dyskinesia, or loss of mobility, is associated with muscle rigidity and tremors in PD. Both diseases are unrelated, however, they do have a few similarities associated with extrapyramidal abnormalities, particularly stiffness, which has been linked to concomitant PD in many AD patients.

Insight into the corrosion inhibition of Biebersteinia multifida root extract for carbon steel in acidic medium.

In this project, the protective effect of Biebersteinia multifida root extract (BMRE) against corrosion of 1018 low carbon steel (1018LCS) in HCl solutions was appraised by assessing weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and polarization at 25 °C. The maximum inhibitory efficacy for the concentration of 1 g/l of the BMRE was 92.8% at 25 °C after 2 h and increased to 95.

Withdrawal Notice: A New Perspective on the Treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Sleep Deprivation-related Consequences: Curcumin.

Unlabelled: The article has been withdrawn at the request of the author of the journal Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

Bentham Science Disclaimer: It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere.

A perspective on the applications of furin inhibitors for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.

Currently, the world is facing a pandemic of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19. Identifying key targets in the viral infection lifecycle is urgently needed for designing therapeutic strategies to combat the virus. Furin is a subtilisin-like proprotein convertase with diverse cellular functions.

Effect of Ustukhuddus Alavi, a multi-herbal product, on the cognitive performance of adolescent female students.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ustukhuddus Alavi is a polyherbal formula which is introduced by Persian medicine scholars. It is traditionally used to treat brain disorders and is claimed to do so by preprocessing and cleansing the waste products from the brain. According to Persian medicine, the disposal of brain waste products is necessary for optimal cognitive performance.

A Critical Analysis of Quercetin as the Attractive Target for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a multifaceted disorder with various factors suggested to play a synergistic pathophysiological role, such as oxidative stress, autophagy, pro-inflammatory events, and neurotransmitter abnormalities. While it is crucial to discover new treatments in addition to preventing PD, recent studies have focused on determining whether nutraceuticals will exert neuroprotective actions and pharmacological functions in PD. Quercetin, a flavonol-type flavonoid, is found in many fruits and vegetables and is recognised as a complementary therapy for PD.

Can We Use mTOR Inhibitors for COVID-19 Therapy?

Infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) provokes acute inflammation due to extensive replication of the virus in the epithelial cells of the upper and lower respiratory system. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a l signalling protein with critical functions in cell growth, metabolism, and proliferation. It is known for its regulatory functions in protein synthesis and angiogenesis cascades.

Emerging Novel Approaches for the Enhanced Delivery of Natural Products for the Management of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion disease affect any part of the brain. The complete mechanism of ND is unknown, but there are some molecular mechanism and chemical process. Natural compounds have better compatibility with the human body along with lesser side effects.

Shaping the gut microbiota by bioactive phytochemicals: An emerging approach for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.

The human digestive tract is the cottage to trillions of live microorganisms, which regulate health and illness. A healthy Gut Microbiota (GM) is necessary for preventing microbial growth, body growth, obesity, cancer, diabetes, and enhancing immunity. The equilibrium in GM's composition and the presence/absence of critical species enable specific responses to be essential for the host's better health condition.

Arglabin could target inflammasome-induced ARDS and cytokine storm associated with COVID-19.

Arglabin (l(R),10(S)-epoxy-5(S),5(S),7(S)-guaia-3(4),ll(13)-dien-6,12-olide), is a natural sesquiterpene γ-lactone which was first isolated from Artemisia glabella. The compound has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of the NLR Family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and production of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. A more hydrophilic derivative of the compound also exhibited antitumor activity in the breast, colon, ovarian, and lung cancer.

Resveratrol and cyclodextrins, an easy alliance: Applications in nanomedicine, green chemistry and biotechnology.

Most drugs or the natural substances reputed to display some biological activity are hydrophobic molecules that demonstrate low bioavailability regardless of their mode of absorption. Resveratrol and its derivatives belong to the chemical group of stilbenes; while stilbenes are known to possess very interesting properties, these are limited by their poor aqueous solubility as well as low bioavailability in animals and humans. Among the substances capable of forming nanomolecular inclusion complexes which can be used for drug delivery, cyclodextrins show spectacular physicochemical and biomedical implications in stilbene chemistry for their possible application in nanomedicine.

Aromatic hydrocarbon receptors in mitochondrial biogenesis and function.

Mitochondria are ubiquitous membrane-bound organelles that not only play a key role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis and metabolism but also in signaling and apoptosis. Aryl hydrocarbons receptors (AhRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that recognize a wide variety of xenobiotics, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins, and activate diverse detoxification pathways. These receptors are also activated by natural dietary compounds and endogenous metabolites.

Epidemiologic profile and outcome of primary pediatric brain tumors in Iran: retrospective study and literature review.

Purpose: Primary pediatric tumors are the most common solid tumors in children. There are limited reports on the management and outcome of these tumors in the developing countries. In recent years, advances have been done in the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of these tumors.

Himalayan L. Fruit Extract Showed In Vivo Central and Peripheral Analgesic Activity Involving COX-2 and Mu Opioid Receptors.

Analgesic drugs like morphine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs exhibit several harmful effects. Here, we show for the first time the analgesic activity of L. fruit extract (FPFE) on different analgesic rat models along with the in silico studies of some of the main phytochemicals of this plant.

A new method for the simultaneous analysis of strychnine and brucine in Strychnos nux-vomica unprocessed and processed seeds using a carbon-paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

Introduction: Strychnos nux-vomica L. (Loganiaceae), widely used in folk medicine, is grown extensively in southern Asian countries. Its major bioactive constituents are strychnine and brucine, which are frequently used in traditional herbal medicines for treatment of nervous diseases, vomiting and traumatic pain.

Simultaneous determination of ellagic and in , and Itriphal formulation by an electrochemical sensor based on a paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

An electrochemical method for the determination of ellagic acid (EA) and gallic acid (GA) was successfully applied to extracts of Punica granatum, Myrtus communis, and to Itriphal, a herbal formulation. The voltammetric determination of EA and GA was conducted with a novel sensor based on a modified carbon paste electrode with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The electrochemical behavior of EA and GA at the modified sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, chronocoulometry, linear sweep voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and rotating disk electrode voltammetry.