Evaluation of PBMC Distribution and TLR9 Expression in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease which results in damage to various organs. Some animal studies have revealed that activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is important in the pathogenesis of SLE. In the present study, the percentage of different immune cell subsets in 35 SLE patients and 38 control subjects was analyzed by flow cytometry.

Different Doses of Transforming growth factor-β on In vitro Differentiation of Human Naïve CD4+ T Cells to T Helper 17.

An appropriate differentiation of distinct human CD4+ T cell subset is critical for manipulating these cells for using in immunity related diseases. Despite various attempts to clarify the role of different factors involved in Th17 differentiation, many crucial contradictions yet remained to be optimized. Although it has been shown that the differentiation of in-vitro Th17 cells culture conditions requires the presence of IL-1beta, IL-23, IL-2, IL-21, IL-6 and TGF-β, the optimum amount of TGF-β regulating in vitro human Th17 cell differentiation is still unclear.

Arteether exerts antitumor activity and reduces CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T-reg cells in vivo.

Background: Chemo-immunotherapy is one of the new achievements for treatment of cancer, by which the success of anti-cancer therapy can be increased. In vitro studies have been shown that Arteether (ARE) induces apoptosis in tumor cells, but not in normal cells.

Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic and immunomodulatory properties of Arteether in-vivo and in-vitro.

Study of immunomodulatory effects of arteether administrated intratumorally.

Recent studies have indicated the profound anti-tumor activity of artemisinin's compounds, among which; arteether is an oil-soluble derivative of artemisinin with an endoperoxide bridge that can induce apoptosis in tumor cells but not in the normal cells. An experiment was carried out on tumor-bearing Balb/c mice to estimate the effects of Arteether on tumor growth and antitumor immune responses. Briefly, 6mg/kg/day of Arteether and diluents were administered to two groups of mice.

Lactobacillus acidophilus could modulate the immune response against breast cancer in murine model.

Cancer immune-therapy is an interesting avenue of studying the effects of deviating immune system responses to achieve the desired result. Lactobacilli are inhabitants of the GI tract which have shown beneficial health effects on various ailments including malignancies. Their mechanisms of action comprise a very intense area of research.