Risk factors of developing contralateral breast cancer after first primary breast cancer treatment.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Increased survival of primary BC (PBC) has increased contralateral breast cancer (CBC) and become a health problem.

Aims: This study aimed to determine the effect of disease-free interval (DFI), risk factors and PBC characteristics on the progression of CBC within primary BC survivors.

Intraoperative pathologically-calibrated diagnosis of lymph nodes involved by breast cancer cells based on electrical impedance spectroscopy; a prospective diagnostic human model study.

Background: Nodal status evaluation is a crucial step in determining prognostic factors and managing treatment strategies for breast cancer patients. Preoperative (CNB), intraoperative (SLNB), and even postoperative techniques (Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded sectioning, FFPE) have definite limitations of precision or sometimes are time-consuming for the result declaration. The primary purpose of this prospective study is to provide a precise complementary system for distinguishing lymph nodes (LNs) involved by cancerous cells in breast cancer patients intraoperatively.