The role of CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and cognitive impairment (CI). The: Cysteine-X-cysteine chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12)/CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/CXC chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) axis has emerged as a critical molecular pathway in the development of CI in these disorders. This review explores the role of this axis in the pathogenesis of CI across these neurodegenerative diseases, synthesizing current evidence and its implications for targeted therapies.

Optimizing cancer treatment: the synergistic potential of CAR-T cell therapy and CRISPR/Cas9.

Optimizing cancer treatment has become a pivotal goal in modern oncology, with advancements in immunotherapy and genetic engineering offering promising avenues. CAR-T cell therapy, a revolutionary approach that harnesses the body's own immune cells to target and destroy cancer cells, has shown remarkable success, particularly in treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and in treating other hematologic malignancies. While CAR-T cell therapy has shown promise, challenges such as high cost and manufacturing complexity remain.

Optimizing Nutritional Decisions: A Particle Swarm Optimization-Simulated Annealing-Enhanced Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach for Personalized Meal Planning.

Background/objective: Nutritionists play a crucial role in guiding individuals toward healthier lifestyles through personalized meal planning; however, this task involves navigating a complex web of factors, including health conditions, dietary restrictions, cultural preferences, and socioeconomic constraints. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) offers a valuable framework for structuring these multi-faceted decisions but inconsistencies can hinder its effectiveness in pairwise comparisons.

Methods: This paper proposes a novel hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Simulated Annealing (PSO-SA) algorithm to refine inconsistent AHP weight matrices, ensuring a consistent and accurate representation of the nutritionist's expertise and client preferences.

Enhancing shear strength predictions of rocks using a hierarchical ensemble model.

Shear strength (SS) parameters are essential for understanding the mechanical behavior of materials, particularly in geotechnical engineering and rock mechanics. This study proposes a novel hierarchical ensemble model (HEM) to predict SS parameters: cohesion ( ) and angle of internal friction ( ). The HEM addresses the limitations of traditional machine learning models.

Microfluidic System Consisting of a Magnetic 3D-Printed Microchannel Filter for Isolation and Enrichment of Circulating Tumor Cells Targeted by Anti-HER2/MOF@Ferrite Core-Shell Nanostructures: A Theranostic CTC Dialysis System.

Low number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood samples and time-consuming properties of the current CTC isolation methods for processing a small volume of blood are the biggest obstacles to CTC usage in practice. Therefore, we aimed to design a CTC dialysis system with the ability to process cancer patients' whole blood within a reasonable time. Two strategies were employed for developing this dialysis setup, including (i) synthesizing novel core-shell Cu ferrites consisting of the Cu-CuFeO core and the MIL-88A shell, which are targeted by the anti-HER2 antibody for the efficient targeting and trapping of CTCs; and (ii) fabricating a microfluidic system containing a three-dimensional (3D)-printed microchannel filter composed of a polycaprolactone/FeO nanoparticle composite with pore diameter less than 200 μm on which a high-voltage magnetic field is focused to enrich and isolate the magnetic nanoparticle-targeted CTCs from a large volume of blood.

Shut-up Toys for Second Language Learners: Impact of Digital Media on Early Adolescents' Private Speech Production in Individual and Collaborative Tasks.

Researchers, parents, and policymakers from previous generations have recently expressed concern about the inevitable exposure of youngsters to digital media and its potentially detrimental effects on their development. Private speech is the overt audible self-talk people produce when engaged with challenging problem-solving tasks and is believed to aid in second language acquisition as reported (Vygotsky in Thought and language, MIT Press, 1962); (Winsler in Private Speech, Executive Functioning, and the Development of Verbal Self-Regulation, 2009). This qualitative case study explored private speech production in three young adolescents (two 11-year-olds and one 10-year-old) while completing an English as a foreign language task (Bingo! game) individually and collaboratively in physical and digital modes.

Delighting Palates with AI: Reinforcement Learning's Triumph in Crafting Personalized Meal Plans with High User Acceptance.

Eating, central to human existence, is influenced by a myriad of factors, including nutrition, health, personal taste, cultural background, and flavor preferences. The challenge of devising personalized meal plans that effectively encompass these dimensions is formidable. A crucial shortfall in many existing meal-planning systems is poor user adherence, often stemming from a disconnect between the plan and the user's lifestyle, preferences, or unseen eating patterns.

Guided Endodontic Treatment for Calcified Central Incisor with Discoloration, a Conservative Approach Preserving Incisal Edge: A Case Report.

Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) in calcified teeth presents a challenge for endodontic treatment, especially when accompanied by discoloration. Guided endodontic access (GEA) has emerged as an advanced method for root canal therapy (RCT) in such cases. This case report describes the successful treatment of a calcified maxillary central incisor with discoloration using GEA.

Co-expression network analysis for the identification of potential prostate cancer genes and in vitro confirmation of their expression in cell model in the presence of Staphylococcal gene.

Prostate cancer has arisen as an important life-threatening malignancy in males worldwide. Therefore, it is important to study underlying molecular pathways to be able to proposed appropriate a novel pathway of apoptosis in prostate cancer. This study aimed to explore the molecular effects of Staphylococcal tsst-1 gene on PC3 cell line apoptosis by in silico and studies.

Personalized Flexible Meal Planning for Individuals With Diet-Related Health Concerns: System Design and Feasibility Validation Study.

Background: Chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension are major global health challenges. Healthy eating can help people with chronic diseases manage their condition and prevent complications. However, making healthy meal plans is not easy, as it requires the consideration of various factors such as health concerns, nutritional requirements, tastes, economic status, and time limits.

Treatment of Peri-Invagination Lesion and Vitality Preservation in Type III Dens Invaginatus in Bilateral Immature Maxillary Lateral Incisors: A Case Report.

The superior lateral incisors are primarily affected by the developmental deformity known as dens invaginatus (DI). Oehler's type III DI has the highest complexity rendering a root canal treatment (RCT) an arduous challenge for this type, so early diagnosis and treatment before pulp involvement are important. This report presents two maxillary lateral incisors with type IIIb DI, the left one being associated with a periapical lesion and the right one with normal pulp.

The Evaluation of Debris and Smear Layer Generated by Three Rotary Instruments Neo NiTi, 2Shape and Revo_S: An Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.

Introduction: This study compared the cleaning effectiveness of NeoNiTi, 2Shape and Revo_S rotary instruments.

Materials And Methods: Fifty mandibular molar mesial roots were selected with an angle of curvature less than 20 degrees divided into three groups (=15). Five samples were selected as negative control group.

Cobalt-molybdenum selenide double-shelled hollow nanocages derived from metal-organic frameworks as high performance electrodes for hybrid supercapacitor.

In this paper, we developed a sequential chemical etching and selenization processes to synthesize Co-MoSex double-shelled hollow nanocages (CMS-DSHNCs) as high performance electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. Co-MoO yolk-shelled hollow nanocages were firstly synthesized using a solvothermal process through facile ion-exchange reactions between zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) and MoO ions. By applying a solvothermal temperature of 160 °C in the presence of SeO and subsequently annealing strategy, CMS-DSHNCs were successfully synthesized with a yolk-shell hierarchically hollow and porous morphology of mixed metal selenides.

Inhibitory effect of melatonin on hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry via suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer stem cells.

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) play an important role in breast cancer metastasis and anti- angiogenic drugs resistance. Hypoxia, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known as essential factors for VM formation. Also, melatonin is an amino acid-derived hormone with many anti-tumor effects.

A BiWO/AgS/ZnS -scheme heterojunction photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light photoactivity towards the degradation of multiple dye pollutants.

A novel visible-light-driven -scheme heterojunction, BiWO/AgS/ZnS, was synthesized and its photocatalytic activity was evaluated for the treatment of a binary mixture of dyes, and its physicochemical properties were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, DRS and FE-SEM techniques. The BiWO/AgS/ZnS -scheme heterojunctions not only facilitate the charge separation and transfer, but also maintain the redox ability of their components. The superior photocatalytic activity demonstrated by the -scheme BiWO/AgS/ZnS attributes its unique properties such as the rapid generation of electron-hole pairs, slow recombination rate, and narrow bandgap.

The effect of nurse empowerment educational program on patient safety culture: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The complexity of patients' condition and treatment processes in intensive care units (ICUs) predisposes patients to more hazardous events. Effective patient safety culture is related to lowering the rate of patients' complications and fewer adverse events. The present study aimed to determine the effect of empowering nurses and supervisors through an educational program on patient safety culture in adult ICUs.

Cytotoxicity of carboplatin on human glioblastoma cells is reduced by the concomitant exposure to an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz, 70 G).

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain cancer that causes high mortality in patients. GBM responds weakly to the common cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy and even surgery. Carboplatin is an alkylating agent widely used to treat cancer.

Cytotoxic Effects of the Ethanol Bane Skin Extract in Human Prostate Cancer Pc3 Cells.

Background: It is extensively supposed that vegetarian diet could affect cancer progress and increase the influence of formal chemotherapy.

Objectives: The present study was designed to determine the effect of the ethanol Bane skin extract against chemo resistant prostate cancer PC3 cells.

Materials And Methods: PC3 and L929 cells were cultivated and then incubated in the ethanol Bane skin extract with various concentrations of 0.