Approach and Clinical Practice of Functional Movement Disorders Among Neurologists in Saudi Arabia.

Background Functional movement disorders (FMDs) are neurological disorders that consist of abnormal and involuntary movements that have no specific organic cause. Given the prevalence of FMDs and the scarcity of information on neurologists' approaches to FMDs, we aimed to assess the neurologists' approaches and clinical practice in managing FMDs in Saudi Arabia. Methods A validated online questionnaire in English was used.

Adult-Onset Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia 15 in a Saudi Patient with A Compound Heterozygous Variant in the Gene.

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) 15 is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease caused by homozygous or heterozygous point mutations in the gene that encodes the spastizin protein, located on chromosome 14q22-q24. Hereditary spastic paraplegia has been rarely reported in Saudi Arabia. In this article, we reported a rare case of adult-onset HSP 15 with a pure form of the disease in a Saudi patient with a compound heterozygous variant in the gene.

Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Middle Eastern Patients.

Background And Aims: The Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs), Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are gastrointestinal autoimmune disorders with many Extraintestinal Manifestations (EIMs). Previously reported incidences of EIMs in IBD patients have ranged from 10% to 50%. The large variation in occurrence of EIMs has been linked to genetic predisposition.

Treatment of infantile spasms in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To evaluate the treatment approach and compliance of pediatric neurologists with evidence-based guidelines across Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). These guidelines that clarify the optimal management of infantile spasms (IS) are not widely followed for various practical reasons.

Methods: Physicians practicing in the field of pediatric neurology in KSA were contacted from the database of national societies.

The Diagnostic Accuracy of Cytology for the Diagnosis of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancers.

Objective: Although cytology testing is considered a valuable method to diagnose tumors that are difficult to access such as hepato-biliary-pancreatic (HBP) malignancies, its diagnostic accuracy remains unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of cytology testing for HBP tumors.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective study of all cytology samples that were used to confirm radiologically detected HBP tumors between 2002 and 2016.