Association of Cerebral Ischemia With Corneal Nerve Loss and Brain Atrophy in MCI and Dementia.

Introduction: This study assessed the association of cerebral ischemia with neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.

Methods: Subjects with MCI, dementia and controls underwent assessment of cognitive function, severity of brain ischemia, MRI brain volumetry and corneal confocal microscopy.

Results: Of 63 subjects with MCI ( = 44) and dementia ( = 19), 11 had no ischemia, 32 had subcortical ischemia and 20 had both subcortical and cortical ischemia.

Corneal Nerve and Brain Imaging in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

Background: Visual rating of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) is an accepted structural neuroimaging marker of Alzheimer's disease. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a non-invasive ophthalmic technique that detects neuronal loss in peripheral and central neurodegenerative disorders.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of CCM for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia compared to medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) rating on MRI.

Association of corneal nerve fiber measures with cognitive function in dementia.

Objectives: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a noninvasive ophthalmic technique that identifies corneal nerve degeneration in a range of peripheral neuropathies and in patients with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We sought to determine whether there is any association of corneal nerve fiber measures with cognitive function and functional independence in patients with MCI and dementia.

Methods: In this study, 76 nondiabetic participants with MCI ( = 30), dementia ( = 26), and healthy age-matched controls ( = 20) underwent assessment of cognitive and physical function and CCM.