Utilizing Clinical Trial Data to Assess Timing of Surgical Treatment for Emphysema Patients.

Background: Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) and medical therapy are 2 available treatment options in dealing with severe emphysema, which is a chronic lung disease. However, or there are currently limited guidelines on the timing of LVRS for patients with different characteristics.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the timing of receiving LVRS in terms of patient outcomes, taking into consideration a patient's characteristics.

The cardiac effects of carbon nanotubes in rat.

Introduction: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are novel candidates in nanotechnology with a variety of increasing applications in medicine and biology. Therefore the investigation of nanomaterials' biocompatibility can be an important topic. The aim of present study was to investigate the CNTs impact on cardiac heart rate among rats.