Sex-Specific Infection Patterns in Populations of Blandford (Coleoptera; Curculionidae: Scolytinae).

symbionts are maternally inherited bacteria that are widely distributed among Arthropoda hosts. influence their host biology in diverse ways. They may induce reproductive abnormalities, protect hosts against pathogens and parasites, or benefit hosts through metabolic provisioning.

Genetic evidence of broad spreading of Lymantria dispar in the West Siberian Plain.

Gypsy moth Lymantria dispar L. 1758 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) is one of the most dangerous forest pests of the Holarctic region. Outbreaks of gypsy moth populations lead to significant defoliation of local forests.