Surgical and Biochemical Outcomes in Nerve Monitored Reoperation Surgery for Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: To study the surgical and biochemical outcomes in nerve-monitored reoperation or revision surgery for recurrent thyroid cancers.

Study Design: A single-center retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary center.

Super-resolution Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Delineating the Facial Nerve in Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma.

 Predicting the course of cranial nerves (CNs) VII and VIII in the cerebellopontine angle on preoperative imaging for vestibular schwannoma (VS) may help guide surgical resection and reduce complications. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging dMRI is commonly used for this purpose, but is limited by its resolution. We investigate the use of super-resolution reconstruction (SRR), where several different dMRIs are combined into one dataset.

Quantitative imaging analysis of transcanal endoscopic Infracochlear approach to the internal auditory canal.

Purpose: A transcanal endoscopic infracochlear surgical approach to the internal auditory canal (IAC) in a human temporal bone model has previously been described. However, the proportion of patients with favorable anatomy for this novel surgical technique remains unknown. Herein, we perform a quantitative analysis of the transcanal endoscopic infracochlear corridor to the IAC based on computed tomography.

A novel thyroid cancer nodal map classification system to facilitate nodal localization and surgical management: The A to D map.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate the effectiveness, reproducibility, and usability of our proposed nodal nomenclature and classification system employed for several years in our high-volume thyroid cancer unit, for the adequate localization and mapping of lymph nodes in thyroid cancer patients with extensive nodal disease.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Methods: Thirty-three thyroid cancer patients with extensive nodal disease treated from January 2004 to May 2013 were included in our study.

Surgical Anatomy of the Human Round Window Region: Implication for Cochlear Endoscopy Through the External Auditory Canal.

Objective: To enable development of an endoscope for cellular-level optical imaging of the inner ear.

Study Design: A prospective study of 50 cadaveric human temporal bones to define detailed surgical anatomy of the round window (RW) region and the range of angles necessary to reach the RW membrane perpendicularly via the external ear canal.

Main Outcome Measure: The transcanal angle to the RW membrane was surgically measured in 3D intact specimens, and correlated with the angle calculated from temporal bone computed tomography (CT) scans of the same specimens obtained before and after measurements in situ.

FGF23 deficiency leads to mixed hearing loss and middle ear malformation in mice.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a circulating hormone important in phosphate homeostasis. Abnormal serum levels of FGF23 result in systemic pathologies in humans and mice, including renal phosphate wasting diseases and hyperphosphatemia. We sought to uncover the role FGF23 plays in the auditory system due to shared molecular mechanisms and genetic pathways between ear and kidney development, the critical roles multiple FGFs play in auditory development and the known hearing phenotype in mice deficient in klotho (KL), a critical co-factor for FGF23 signaling.

Radiographic patterns of orbital involvement in IgG4-related disease.

Purpose: Immunoglobin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is a systemic condition characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates that can involve the orbit. The purpose of this study was to identify the various patterns of orbital IgG4-related disease on imaging.

Methods: Retrospective review of radiologic examinations including CT, MRI, and positron emission tomography was performed in patients with proven cases of IgG4-related disease.