SARS-CoV-2 infection of salivary glands compromises the production of a secreted antifungal peptide with potential implications for development of oral candidiasis.

Saliva contains antimicrobial peptides considered integral components of host innate immunity, and crucial for protection against colonizing microbial species. Most notable is histatin-5 which is exclusively produced in salivary glands with uniquely potent antifungal activity against the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans. Recently, SARS-CoV-2 was shown to replicate in salivary gland acinar cells eliciting local immune cell activation.

Functional redundancy in Candida auris cell surface adhesins crucial for cell-cell interaction and aggregation.

Candida auris is an emerging nosocomial fungal pathogen associated with life-threatening invasive disease due to its persistent colonization, high level of transmissibility and multi-drug resistance. Aggregative and non-aggregative growth phenotypes for C. auris strains with different biofilm forming abilities, drug susceptibilities and virulence characteristics have been described.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Salivary Glands Compromises Oral Antifungal Innate Immunity and Predisposes to Oral Candidiasis.

Saliva contains antimicrobial peptides considered integral components of host innate immunity, and crucial for protection against colonizing microbial species. Most notable is histatin-5 which is exclusively produced in salivary glands with uniquely potent antifungal activity against the opportunistic pathogen . Recently, SARS-CoV-2 was shown to replicate in salivary gland acinar cells eliciting local immune cell activation.

Functional Redundancy in Cell Surface Adhesins Crucial for Cell-Cell Interaction and Aggregation.

is an emerging nosocomial fungal pathogen associated with life-threatening invasive disease due to its persistent colonization, high level of transmissibility and multi-drug resistance. Aggregative and non-aggregative growth phenotypes for strains with different biofilm forming abilities, drug susceptibilities and virulence characteristics have been described. Using comprehensive transcriptional analysis we identified key cell surface adhesins that were highly upregulated in the aggregative phenotype during and grown biofilms using a mouse model of catheter infection.

Functional Redundancy in Cell Surface Adhesins Crucial for Cell-Cell Interaction and Aggregation.

is an emerging nosocomial fungal pathogen associated with life-threatening invasive disease due to its persistent colonization, high level of transmissibility and multi-drug resistance. Aggregative and non-aggregative growth phenotypes for strains with different biofilm forming abilities, drug susceptibilities and virulence characteristics have been described. Using comprehensive transcriptional analysis we identified key cell surface adhesins that were highly upregulated in the aggregative phenotype during and grown biofilms using a mouse model of catheter infection.

Novel Remineralizing and Antibiofilm Low-Shrinkage-Stress Nanocomposites to Inhibit Salivary Biofilms and Protect Tooth Structures.

Recurrent caries remain a persistent concern, often linked to microleakage and a lack of bioactivity in contemporary dental composites. Our study aims to address this issue by developing a low-shrinkage-stress nanocomposite with antibiofilm and remineralization capabilities, thus countering the progression of recurrent caries. In the present study, we formulated low-shrinkage-stress nanocomposites by combining triethylene glycol divinylbenzyl ether and urethane dimethacrylate, incorporating dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM), along with nanoparticles of calcium fluoride (nCaF) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP).

Novel Bioactive Nanocomposites Containing Calcium Fluoride and Calcium Phosphate with Antibacterial and Low-Shrinkage-Stress Capabilities to Inhibit Dental Caries.

Objectives: Composites are commonly used for tooth restorations, but recurrent caries often lead to restoration failures due to polymerization shrinkage-stress-induced marginal leakage. The aims of this research were to: (1) develop novel low-shrinkage-stress (L.S.

Denture stomatitis-An interdisciplinary clinical review.

Purpose: An interdisciplinary clinical review on denture stomatitis formulated by experts from prosthodontics, oral medicine, and oral microbiology is presented. The review outlines the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and management strategies of denture stomatitis from an interdisciplinary perspective.

Materials And Methods: English-language articles relating to the definition, incidence, gender distribution, geographical distribution, etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, signs, treatment, and prognosis of denture stomatitis were retrieved via electronic literature search.

Long-Term Post-COVID-19 Associated Oral Inflammatory Sequelae.

The oral cavity remains an underappreciated site for SARS-CoV-2 infection despite the myriad oral conditions observed in COVID-19 patients. Recently, replicating SARS-CoV-2 was found inside salivary epithelial cells resulting in inflammation and atrophy of salivary glands. Saliva possesses healing properties crucial for maintaining the health of the oral mucosa.

Application of proper orthogonal decomposition for evaluation of coherent structures and energy contents in microbial biofilms.

Microbial biofilms are structured communities of surface-associated microbial populations embedded in a matrix of extracellular polysaccharides that provide protection for biofilm cells. Among the wide plethora of microbial species adept at forming biofilms, the fungal pathogen Candida albicans (C. albicans), is one of the most notable.

Therapeutic implications of mixed biofilm in a murine subcutaneous catheter model of polymicrobial infection.

Biofilm-associated polymicrobial infections tend to be challenging to treat. and are leading pathogens due to their ability to form biofilms on medical devices. However, the therapeutic implications of their interactions in a host is largely unexplored.

Adhesion of to During Co-Infection Promotes Bacterial Dissemination Through the Host Immune Response.

Interspecies interactions greatly influence the virulence, drug tolerance and ultimately the outcome of polymicrobial biofilm infections. A synergistic interaction is observed between the fungus and the bacterium . These species are both normal commensals of most healthy humans and co-exist in several niches of the host.

Comparative Evaluations of the Pathogenesis of Candida auris Phenotypes and Candida albicans Using Clinically Relevant Murine Models of Infections.

The newly emerged species is associated with an exponential rise in life-threatening invasive disease in health care facilities worldwide. Unlike other species, exhibits a high level of transmissibility, multidrug resistance, and persistence in the environment, yet little is known about its pathogenesis largely due to limited data from animal models. Based on biofilm evaluations and confocal laser scanning microscopy, phenotypes with different biofilm-forming abilities were identified, indicating potential clinical implications.

Candida auris: a fungus with identity crisis.

Candida auris is a new fungal species that has puzzlingly and simultaneously emerged on five continents. Since its identification in 2009, the scientific community has witnessed an exponential emergence of infection episodes and outbreaks in healthcare facilities world-wide. Candida auris exhibits several concerning features compared to other related Candida species, including persistent colonization of skin and nosocomial surfaces, ability to resist common disinfectants and to spread rapidly among patients.

The Role of Secreted Polysaccharides in Augmenting Adherence and Mixed Biofilm Formation: and Studies.

The oral cavity is a complex environment harboring diverse microbial species that often co-exist within biofilms formed on oral surfaces. Within a biofilm, inter-species interactions can be synergistic in that the presence of one organism generates a niche for another enhancing colonization. Among these species are the opportunistic fungal pathogen and the bacterial species , the etiologic agents of oral candidiasis and dental caries, respectively.