Right Aortic Arch With Kommerell Diverticulum: A Rare Cause of Dysphagia.

Importance: Dysphagia is a common condition with multiple causes. Fortunately, a thorough evaluation will often lead to a correct diagnosis, even when the cause is a rare entity. A right aortic arch with associated aberrant left subclavian artery is an uncommon anatomical variant.

Head and neck lymphatic malformation treatment: a systematic review.

Objective: To systematically review literature pertaining to head and neck lymphatic malformation treatment and to use individual-level data presented in qualifying case series to describe the reported efficacy, complications, and functional impact of surgery and sclerotherapy. The authors evaluated whether treatment modalities differ by lymphatic malformation stage.

Data Sources: The terms lymphangioendothelioma, lymphangioma, cystic hygroma, and malformation were used to perform an Ovid literature search yielding 6292 references.

Multimedia approach to preoperative adenotonsillectomy counseling.

Objective: The primary objective was to compare retention of knowledge of surgical risks in parents of children having an adenotonsillectomy who received a preoperative handout or watched a video, in addition to standard counseling. A secondary objective was to determine whether time from counseling to day of surgery affects risk retention.

Study Design: Prospective randomized control study.

Cryptotia repair: a modern update to the trefoil flap.

Cryptotia is a congenital anomaly in which the superior aspect of the helical cartilage is buried beneath the scalp, resulting in an absence of the auriculocephalic sulcus. Treatments have included splinting, skin grafts, and a variety of local flaps. We present a modification of the trefoil flap, initially described by Wesser in 1972.

Prospective comparison of handheld pneumatic otoscopy, binocular microscopy, and tympanometry in identifying middle ear effusions in children.

Objectives: To compare pneumatic otoscopy, binocular microscopy, and tympanometry in identifying middle ear effusions in children and to determine if a significant difference exists in sensitivity and specificity based on patient age and/or experience of the examiner.

Methods: A prospective study of 102 patients, or 201 ears, enrolled over a 1-year period in a tertiary medical center. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were determined for staff and resident-performed pneumatic otoscopy, staff and resident-performed binocular microscopy, and tympanometry.

Effects of synchronous nasal surgery on posttonsillectomy hemorrhage.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of synchronous nasal surgery on the rate of posttonsillectomy hemorrhage.

Design: Retrospective medical record review.

Setting: Military tertiary referral center.

Mitoxantrone and cytarabine induction, high-dose cytarabine, and etoposide intensification for pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia: Children's Cancer Group Study 2951.

Purpose: To evaluate the response rate, survival, and toxicity of mitoxantrone and cytarabine induction, high-dose cytarabine and etoposide intensification, and further consolidation/maintenance therapies, including bone marrow transplantation, in children with relapsed, refractory, or secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To evaluate response to 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CDA) and etoposide (VP-16) in patients who did not respond to mitoxantrone and cytarabine.

Patients And Methods: Patients with relapsed/refractory AML (n = 101) and secondary AML (n = 13) were entered.