Reliability of the International Spinal Cord Injury Physical Therapy-Occupational Therapy Basic Data Set.

In interventional clinical trials for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), the influence of experimental biological, pharmacological, or device-related interventions must be differentiated from that of physical and occupational therapy interventions, as rehabilitation influences motor-related outcomes. The International Spinal Cord Injury (ISCI) Physical TherapyOccupational Therapy Basic Data Set (PT-OT BDS) was developed with the intent to track the content and time of rehabilitation interventions that are delivered concurrently with experimental interventions. We assessed the reliability of the PT-OT BDS based on agreement between users.

mHealth-Based Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention to Improve the Physical Activity Levels of Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The lack of regular physical activity (PA) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States is an ongoing health crisis. Regular PA and exercise-based interventions have been linked with improved outcomes and healthier lifestyles among those with SCI. Providing people with an accurate estimate of their everyday PA level can promote PA.

Patient Perceptions and Clinical Assessments of Cardiometabolic Disease After Subacute Spinal Cord Injury.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of health care team communication regarding cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors with patients with subacute spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Multi-site prospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: Five National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research Model SCI Rehabilitation Centers.

Potential of social engagement for overcoming barriers to physical activity in individuals with spinal cord injury.

Introduction: Many barriers to physical activity (PA) exist for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Social engagement may improve motivation to perform PA, which in turn may increase PA levels. This pilot study investigates how social engagement facilitated by mobile technology may reduce lack of motivation as a barrier to PA in individuals with SCI and demonstrates design implications for future technologies.

A comparison of one year outcomes between standardized locomotor training and usual care after motor incomplete spinal cord injury: Community participation, quality of life and re-hospitalization.

Context/objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in a significant loss of mobility and independence coinciding with reports of decreased quality of life (QOL), community participation, and medical complications often requiring re-hospitalization. Locomotor training (LT), the repetition of stepping-like patterning has shown beneficial effects for improving walking ability after motor incomplete SCI, but the potential impact of LT on psychosocial outcomes has not been well-established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate one year QOL, community participation and re-hospitalization outcomes between individuals who participated in a standardized LT program and those who received usual care (UC).

Relationship of psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal pain among individuals with newly acquired spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of a longitudinal cohort study.

Objectives: Little evidence exists on pain-related psychosocial factors in individuals with newly acquired spinal cord injury (SCI). To understand a biopsychosocial model of pain, we must first understand the presenting psychological pain-related factors at injury onset.

Classification challenges of the 2019 revised International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI).

Study Design: Retrospective review of ISNCSCI datasets.

Objectives: To discuss the correct classification of ISNCSCI datasets considered as challenging.

Setting: International expert collaboration.

Acute Spinal Cord Injury Is Associated With Prevalent Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.

Objectives: To (1) describe the prevalence of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) at spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation discharge; (2) compare this with controls without SCI; and (3) identify factors associated with increased CMD.

Design: Multicenter, prospective observational study.

Setting: Five National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research Model SCI Rehabilitation Centers.

Characterizing the Experience of Spasticity after Spinal Cord Injury: A National Survey Project of the Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems Centers.

Objective: To characterize the qualities that individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) associate with their experience of spasticity and to describe the relationship between spasticity and perceived quality of life and the perceived value of spasticity management approaches.

Design: Online cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Multicenter collaboration among 6 Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems hospitals in the United States.

International Spinal Cord Injury Physical Therapy-Occupational Therapy Basic Data Set (Version 1.2).

Study Design: Expert workgroup consensus, focused literature review, and vetting via feedback from international presentations and spinal cord professional membership groups.

Objectives: Develop and refine a basic dataset to enable standardized documentation of physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) interventions delivered in a controlled clinical trial intended to improve voluntary motor function.

Setting: International Expert Working Group.

Shoulder impairment and pain of individuals with newly acquired spinal cord injury compared to uninjured peers.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Objectives: Shoulder pain prevalence is high in those with spinal cord injury (SCI) and is associated with decreased function, participation restrictions and decreased quality of life. Limited evidence exists regarding physical impairments of newly acquired SCI.

Updates of the International Standards for Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury: 2015 and 2019.

The International Standards for Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) are the most widely used classification system in spinal cord injury medicine. The purpose of the ISNCSCI is to ensure accurate and consistent communication among patients, clinicians, and researchers. Since its first publication in 1982, the ISNCSCI has continued to evolve with the latest updates and revisions published in 2015 and 2019.

Relationship between pain, fatigue, and physical activity levels during a technology-based physical activity intervention.

The majority of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) experience chronic pain. Chronic pain can be difficult to manage because of variability in the underlying pain mechanisms. More insight regarding the relationship between pain and physical activity (PA) is necessary to understand pain responses during PA.

Correction: Mobile health-based physical activity intervention for individuals with spinal cord injury in the community: A pilot study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Mobile health-based physical activity intervention for individuals with spinal cord injury in the community: A pilot study.

Low levels of physical activity (PA) and high levels of sedentary behavior in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) have been associated with secondary conditions such as pain, fatigue, weight gain, and deconditioning. One strategy for promoting regular PA is to provide people with an accurate estimate of everyday PA level. The objective of this research was to use a mobile health-based PA measurement system to track PA levels of individuals with SCI in the community and provide them with a behavior-sensitive, just-in-time-adaptive intervention (JITAI) to improve their PA levels.

Reliability of S3 pressure sensation and voluntary hip adduction/toe flexion and agreement with deep anal pressure and voluntary anal contraction in classifying persons with traumatic spinal cord injury.

The sacral examination components of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI), namely deep anal pressure (DAP) and voluntary anal sphincter contraction (VAC), are often difficult to perform. We evaluated whether pressure sensation at the S3 dermatome (S3P), and voluntary hip adductor or toe flexor contraction (VHTC) are tenable alternatives. Here we report test-retest reliability and agreement of these components at 1 month after spinal cord injury (SCI), and impact of disagreement on American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) grades.

Reliability and Validity of S3 Pressure Sensation as an Alternative to Deep Anal Pressure in Neurologic Classification of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: To determine whether pressure sensation at the S3 dermatome (a new test) could be used in place of deep anal pressure (DAP) to determine completeness of injury as part of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury.

Design: Prospective, multicenter observational study.

Setting: U.

Musculoskeletal Effects of 2 Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling Paradigms Conducted at Different Cadences for People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To compare the musculoskeletal effects of low cadence cycling with functional electrical stimulation (FES) with high cadence FES cycling for people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Randomized pre-post design.

Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation clinic.

Cycling with Functional Electrical Stimulation Before and After a Distal Femur Fracture in a Man with Paraplegia.

Case Presentation: A man with chronic paraplegia sustained a distal femur fracture following an unrelated fall while enrolled in a study examining musculoskeletal changes after 6 months of cycling with functional electrical stimulation (FES). After healing, he restarted and completed the study.

Management And Outcome: Study measures included areal bone mineral density, trabecular bone microarchitecture, cortical bone macroarchitecture, serum bone formation/resorption markers, and muscle volume.

Reliability and validity of the capabilities of upper extremity test (CUE-T) in subjects with chronic spinal cord injury.

Objective: To determine the reliability and validity of the capabilities of upper extremity test (CUE-T), a measure of functional limitations, in patients with chronic tetraplegia.

Design: Repeated measures.

Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation center.

Locomotor training: as a treatment of spinal cord injury and in the progression of neurologic rehabilitation.

Scientists, clinicians, administrators, individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), and caregivers seek a common goal: to improve the outlook and general expectations of the adults and children living with neurologic injury. Important strides have already been accomplished; in fact, some have labeled the changes in neurologic rehabilitation a "paradigm shift." Not only do we recognize the potential of the damaged nervous system, but we also see that "recovery" can and should be valued and defined broadly.

Relationship between ASIA examination and functional outcomes in the NeuroRecovery Network Locomotor Training Program.

Objective: To determine the effects of locomotor training on: (1) the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury examination; (2) locomotion (gait speed, distance); (3) balance; and (4) functional gait speed stratifications after chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Prospective observational cohort.

Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation centers in the NeuroRecovery Network (NRN).

Life care planning projections for individuals with motor incomplete spinal cord injury before and after locomotor training intervention: a case series.

Background/purpose: We present a retrospective case series of 2 individuals with motor-incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) to examine differences in lifetime cost estimates before and after participation in an intensive locomotor training (LT) program. Sections of a life care plan (LCP) were used to determine the financial implications associated with equipment, home renovations, and transportation for patients who receive LT. An LCP is a viable method of quantifying outcomes following any therapeutic intervention.