Objective: To determine the impact of counter warming (CW) with an air circulating blanket on shivering and metabolic profile during therapeutic temperature modulation (TTM).
Design: A prospective observational study.
Setting: An 18-bed neurologic intensive care unit.
Background And Purpose: Therapeutic temperature modulation is widely used in neurocritical care but commonly causes shivering, which can hamper the cooling process and result in increases in systemic metabolism. We sought to validate a grading scale to assist in the monitoring and control of shivering.
Methods: A simple 4-point Bedside Shivering Assessment Scale was validated against continuous assessments of resting energy expenditure, oxygen consumption, and carbon dioxide production as measured by indirect calorimetry.