Cardiomyocyte-fibroblast interaction regulates ferroptosis and fibrosis after myocardial injury.

Neonatal mouse hearts have transient renewal capacity, which is lost in juvenile and adult stages. In neonatal mouse hearts, myocardial infarction (MI) causes an initial loss of cardiomyocytes. However, it is unclear which type of regulated cell death (RCD) occurs in stressed cardiomyocytes.

Cardiomyocyte-fibroblast interaction regulates ferroptosis and fibrosis after myocardial injury.

Neonatal mouse hearts have transient renewal capacity which is lost in juvenile and adult hearts. After myocardial infarction (MI) in neonatal hearts, an initial loss of cardiomyocytes occurs but it is unclear through which type of regulated cell death (RCD). In the current studies, we induced MI in neonatal and juvenile mouse hearts, and show that ischemic cardiomyocytes primarily undergo ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic and iron-dependent form of RCD.

Glaucoma Drugs in the Pipeline.

Glaucoma is a chronic disease that can be challenging to treat for both patients and physicians. Most patients will require more than 1 medication over time to maintain their intraocular pressure (IOP) at a physiologically benign level. Patients may become refractory to existing compounds and many struggle with adherence to multiple topical drop regimens.

Clinical associations with immature breathing in preterm infants: part 2-periodic breathing.

Background: Periodic breathing (PB) is a normal immature breathing pattern in neonates that, if extreme, may be associated with pathologic conditions.

Methods: We used our automated PB detection system to analyze all bedside monitor chest impedance data on all infants <35 wk' gestation in the University of Virginia Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from 2009-2014 (n = 1,211). Percent time spent in PB was calculated hourly (>50 infant-years' data).

Clinical associations of immature breathing in preterm infants: part 1-central apnea.

Background: Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is nearly universal among very preterm infants, but neither the apnea burden nor its clinical associations have been systematically studied in a large consecutive cohort.

Methods: We analyzed continuous bedside monitor chest impedance and electrocardiographic waveforms and oxygen saturation data collected on all neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients <35 wk gestation from 2009 to 2014 (n = 1,211; >50 infant-years of data). Apneas, with bradycardia and desaturation (ABDs), defined as central apnea ≥10 s associated with both bradycardia <100 bpm and oxygen desaturation <80%, were identified using a validated automated algorithm.

Quantification of periodic breathing in premature infants.

Periodic breathing (PB), regular cycles of short apneic pauses and breaths, is common in newborn infants. To characterize normal and potentially pathologic PB, we used our automated apnea detection system and developed a novel method for quantifying PB. We identified a preterm infant who died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and who, on review of her breathing pattern while in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), had exaggerated PB.

Very long apnea events in preterm infants.

Apnea is nearly universal among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, and the associated bradycardia and desaturation may have detrimental consequences. We describe here very long (>60 s) central apnea events (VLAs) with bradycardia and desaturation, discovered using a computerized detection system applied to our database of over 100 infant years of electronic signals. Eighty-six VLAs occurred in 29 out of 335 VLBW infants.

Study of the diagnostic efficacy of real-time optical coherence tomography as an adjunct to unaided visual inspection with acetic acid for the diagnosis of preinvasive and invasive neoplasia of the uterine cervix.

Objectives: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of optical coherence tomography (OCT) as an adjunct to unaided visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA) in the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN 2) in a real-time clinical evaluation.

Background: This clinical study was a prospective cross-sectional comparative trial that screened 1000 patients (aged 30-50 years) in a low-resource setting. Women with abnormal cervical cytology or positive human papillomavirus (HPV) tests were referred for further evaluation including VIA, OCT imaging, colposcopy, and cervical biopsies.

Diagnostic efficacy of real-time optical coherence tomography in the management of preinvasive and invasive neoplasia of the uterine cervix.

Objective: Determine the sensitivity and specificity of optical coherence tomography (OCT) as an adjunct to colposcopy in the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or higher in a real-time clinical evaluation.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) uses infrared light similar to ultrasound pulse-echo imaging. Image resolution is optimal in the 1-to-3-mm range.