Publications by authors named "Mary McFarland"
Introduction: The Implementation Research Logic Model (IRLM) aids users in combining, organizing, and specifying the relationships between important constructs in implementation research. The goal of the IRLM is to improve the rigor, reproducibility, and transparency of implementation research projects. The article describing the IRLM was published September 25, 2020 (, Vol 15); it has since been highly cited and included as a required element in multiple funding opportunity announcements from federal agencies.
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- Lifestyle interventions, like diet and exercise, can improve physical function in younger cancer survivors (<60 years), but their effects on older survivors (≥60 years) are less understood.
- This scoping review analyzed existing research on diet and exercise's impact on physical function in older cancer survivors, reviewing 49 relevant studies out of nearly 20,000 articles.
- While most studies showed that these interventions helped maintain or boost physical function, the review highlighted gaps in research, such as the need for more focused trials on older survivors, particularly regarding diet and exercise combined.
Unlabelled: During COVID-19 in the US, social determinants of health (SDH) have driven health disparities. However, the use of SDH in COVID-19 vaccine modeling is unclear. This review aimed to summarize the current landscape of incorporating SDH into COVID-19 vaccine transmission modeling in the US.
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- Anticoagulation therapy is commonly used for conditions like atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism, but there's a potential gap in its equitable delivery across different ethnoracial groups in the U.S.
- A scoping review examined studies from 2011 to 2022, analyzing over 5,000 articles to assess issues such as access to therapy, management quality, and clinical outcomes among distinct ethnoracial groups.
- The findings indicated significant disparities, showing that White patients generally had better access and outcomes from anticoagulation therapy compared to non-White patients, particularly in terms of access and management quality.
Objectives: To describe the efficacy of atropine in controlling salivary flow in patients with sialorrhea or drooling.
Materials And Methods: We included randomized controlled studies, quasi-randomized trials, case reports, clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses assessing the use of atropine in patients with sialorrhea or drooling. The endpoints were reduction in salivary flow rate, amount of saliva secreted, reduction in clinical symptoms of sialorrhea, death rattle intensity, or reduction in drooling intensity as measured by an objective scale such as the drooling intensity scale.
Article Synopsis
- College students facing poverty, particularly those from non-white racial or ethnic backgrounds, are more likely to struggle academically due to grief from the loss of loved ones, yet research specifically exploring this intersection is lacking.
- The study aims to map existing literature on the experiences of these students, focusing on how poverty and grief impact academic performance and degree completion.
- A scoping review will be conducted to identify relevant studies and interventions from various geographic settings, using a systematic framework to ensure thorough analysis and documentation of findings.
Quality improvement approaches to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a scoping review.
Res Pract Thromb Haemost
October 2023
Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a relatively uncommon condition characterized by 2 exceedingly common phenomena in hospitalized patients: thrombocytopenia and heparin exposure. Consequently, HIT is frequently overdiagnosed and inappropriately treated. These issues are the focus of many quality improvement (QI) initiatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Surveillance algorithms that predict patient decompensation are increasingly integrated with clinical workflows to help identify patients at risk of in-hospital deterioration. This scoping review aimed to identify the design features of the information displays, the types of algorithm that drive the display, and the effect of these displays on process and patient outcomes.
Materials And Methods: The scoping review followed Arksey and O'Malley's framework.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate how effective intradiscal corticosteroid injections (IDCI) are for treating low back pain linked to disc issues.
- It involved adults with chronic pain, using either real injections or placebo treatments for comparison, assessing outcomes like pain reduction and disability.
- The review found that IDCI can reduce pain for 1-6 months in certain patients (with Modic 1 and 2 changes), but overall, the evidence quality is low.
Background: Numerous reports contend opioids can augment or inhibit malignancy. At present, there is no consensus on the risk or benefit posed by opioids on malignancy or chemotherapeutic activity. Distinguishing the consequences of opioid use from pain and its management is challenging.
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- This text is about understanding why some people struggle to exercise after having a concussion, which can be caused by changes in how the heart and body respond.
- Researchers want to look at previous studies to find patterns and gaps in knowledge regarding this exercise problem after a concussion.
- They found 17 studies that looked at how well people's bodies managed exercise after a concussion, but the results varied, suggesting we need more research to understand it better.
Context.—: Pathologists have produced a substantial body of literature on graduate medical education (GME). However, this body of literature is diverse and has not yet been characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExisting research has found that women who use opioids (WWUO) experience challenges to hormonal and long-acting reversible contraception (HC-LARC) access and use. Facilitators of such use are unclear. We conducted a scoping review to comprehensively map the literature on barriers to and facilitators of HC-LARC access and use in the United States among reproductive-aged WWUO.
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- The study addresses the rising issue of homelessness, focusing on the stigma and discrimination faced by individuals experiencing it, and aims to identify how these negative experiences occur and how they can be mitigated.
- A scoping review will be conducted using established frameworks and various academic databases to gather and analyze English-language research on non-refugee individuals experiencing homelessness globally.
- The research has received ethics approval, and additional insights will be obtained through an expert consultation workshop to enhance the local context of the findings.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to evaluate complication rates and failure in prepectoral breast reconstructions using different types of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs): human, porcine, and bovine.
- - Researchers reviewed 33 studies involving 6,046 reconstructions, finding that implant loss rates were similar across all ADM types, but bovine ADM had notably higher rates of several complications, including capsular contracture and infection.
- - The results indicate that while complication profiles are generally similar among the ADMs, bovine ADM shows greater risks for specific issues, whereas the implant loss rates remained consistent across the three types.
Background: Extracranial carotid atherosclerosis has been variably associated with dementia. Prior studies have focused on the association of carotid intima media thickness or carotid stenosis; however, there is evidence that carotid plaque may contribute to dementia, perhaps via microembolic phenomena.
Objectives: We sought to evaluate the role of carotid plaque in contributing to cognitive impairment by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the association between extracranial carotid plaque and cognitive dysfunction and dementia.
Background: Despite evidence that loneliness increases during times of transition, and that the incidence of loneliness is highest in young adults, loneliness during pregnancy and new parenthood has not been developed as a program of research. Because loneliness research has primarily focused on older adults and other high-risk populations, the concept of loneliness and its effects on this population are not well understood, leaving a gap in our understanding of the psychosocial needs and health risks of loneliness on pregnant people and new parents. A scoping review has been completed in order to map and synthesize the literature on loneliness experienced during pregnancy and the first 5 years of parenthood prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Palliative care guidelines recommend an interdisciplinary approach to address patients' awareness of mortality and need for end-of-life preparation. An ethical will is a nonlegal way to address mortality by communicating a lasting and intangible legacy of values to others. The aim of this scoping review is to clarify the operationalization of ethical wills across disciplines and map the purposes and outcomes of creating an ethical will.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The objective of this scoping review is to describe the extent and nature of research studies based on linked prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) data; defined as PDMP data linked to other clinical, administrative or public health data sets. The population is prescribed and dispensed controlled substances. The concept is analysis of linked PDMP data to other clinical, administrative or public health data sets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReactive Balance Responses After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review.
J Head Trauma Rehabil
September 2022
Article Synopsis
- - The review investigates the impact of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on reactive postural responses, which are important for understanding balance and fall risk, as current assessments do not fully evaluate all aspects of balance.
- - Out of 4747 publications, only 3 studies (5 publications) met the criteria for inclusion, indicating a significant gap in research regarding balance recovery post-mTBI.
- - The findings suggest a need for future studies to incorporate all three classes of balance assessments to better understand and evaluate post-mTBI conditions.
Purpose: Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) arthrodesis surgery is used for various types of wrist pathologies. The objective of our study was to perform a systematic review of complications and outcomes after STT arthrodesis.
Methods: Several major databases were used to perform a systematic literature review in order to obtain articles reporting complications and outcomes following STT arthrodesis.
Introduction: Early identification of patients who may suffer from unexpected adverse events (eg, sepsis, sudden cardiac arrest) gives bedside staff valuable lead time to care for these patients appropriately. Consequently, many machine learning algorithms have been developed to predict adverse events. However, little research focuses on how these systems are implemented and how system design impacts clinicians' decisions or patient outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe goal of this study was to examine the effects of behavioral sleep extension interventions on sleep duration outcomes in children and adults ≥ age 12. We conducted a systematic literature review, article extraction and meta-analysis. Our search yielded 42 studies from 14 countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Patient-generated health data (PGHD) are clinically relevant data captured by patients outside of the traditional care setting. Clinical use of PGHD has emerged as an essential issue. This study explored the evidence to determine the extent of and describe the characteristics of PGHD integration into electronic health records (EHRs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiac disease is the primary cause of death in sickle cell disease (SCD). Cardiac abnormalities begin in childhood and progress throughout life. Right and left ventricular (RV, LV) myocardial strain are early markers of systolic dysfunction but are not well investigated among individuals with SCD.
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