Incidence and importance of portal venous gas in children with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Background: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in young infants. Infants with HPS present with projectile vomiting, sometimes have electrolyte abnormalities and typically undergo pyloromyotomy to alleviate the obstruction. Abdominal US is the gold standard imaging study for diagnosis.

Positron Emission Mammography Image Interpretation for Reduced Image Count Levels.

Unlabelled: We studied the effects of reduced (18)F-FDG injection activity on interpretation of positron emission mammography (PEM) images and compared image interpretation between 2 postinjection imaging times.

Methods: We performed a receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) study using PEM images reconstructed with different count levels expected from injected activities between 23 and 185 MBq. Thirty patients received 2 PEM scans at postinjection times of 60 and 120 min.

Positron emission mammography (PEM): effect of activity concentration, object size, and object contrast on phantom lesion detection.

Purpose: To characterize the relationship between lesion detection sensitivity and injected activity as a function of lesion size and contrast on the PEM (positron emission mammography) Flex Solo II scanner using phantom experiments.

Methods: Phantom lesions (spheres 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 mm diameter) were randomly located in uniform background. Sphere activity concentrations were 3 to 21 times the background activity concentration (BGc).

Identifying minimally acceptable interpretive performance criteria for screening mammography.

Purpose: To develop criteria to identify thresholds for minimally acceptable physician performance in interpreting screening mammography studies and to profile the impact that implementing these criteria may have on the practice of radiology in the United States.

Materials And Methods: In an institutional review board-approved, HIPAA-compliant study, an Angoff approach was used in two phases to set criteria for identifying minimally acceptable interpretive performance at screening mammography as measured by sensitivity, specificity, recall rate, positive predictive value (PPV) of recall (PPV(1)) and of biopsy recommendation (PPV(2)), and cancer detection rate. Performance measures were considered separately.

1,5-anhydroglucitol and postprandial hyperglycemia as measured by continuous glucose monitoring system in moderately controlled patients with diabetes.

Objective: Postprandial hyperglycemia is often inadequately assessed in diabetes management. Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) drops as serum glucose rises above the renal threshold for glucose and has been proposed as a marker for postprandial hyperglycemia. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the relationship between 1,5-AG and postprandial hyperglycemia, as assessed by the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) in suboptimally controlled patients with diabetes.