Surgical strategies and outcomes in patients with Shone complex: a retrospective review.

Background: Multilevel obstruction of left-sided heart structures was originally characterized by Shone and colleagues. The formulation of an appropriate operative strategy remains problematic. Surgical outcomes have generally been poor.

Apico-aortic conduits in children with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Background: Infrequently, congenital heart defects are complicated by left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) not amenable to conventional reconstruction. Apico-aortic conduits provide a means of palliating such patients until definitive repair is possible. The purpose of this study was to review a single institution's current experience with apico-aortic conduits.