Longitudinal Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Neuroimaging as an Indication of Improvement in Psychiatric Disorders in a Community Psychiatric Practice.

In the community, there is a need to more objectively evaluate the response of common chronic psychiatric disorders to treatment. Brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) indirectly measures cerebral functional activity by uptake of a radiotracer, which follows regional cerebral blood flow. Brain 3D Thresholded SPECT scans are thresholded three dimensional images derived from brain SPECT data.

Toxicology of Frequently Encountered Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Dogs and Cats: An Update.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used for their antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. Although most NSAIDs consist of a range of pharmacologically active agents with diverse chemical structures and properties, they have similar therapeutic and adverse effects associated with their use. Each year, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) receives hundreds of cases involving acute accidental ingestion/overdose of NSAIDs in dogs and cats.

Suspected synthetic cannabinoid toxicosis in a dog.

Objective: To describe the effects of suspected synthetic cannabinoid (SC) toxicosis and the response to intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) therapy in a dog.

Case Summary: A 2-year-8-month-old male Boxer dog was evaluated at an emergency hospital for progressive ataxia and inappropriate mentation. The initial physical examination identified marked hypothermia (32.

Mirtazapine toxicity in cats: retrospective study of 84 cases (2006-2011).

Objectives Mirtazapine is commonly used in veterinary medicine at doses of 1.88 or 3.75 mg as an appetite stimulant.

Conventional SPECT Versus 3D Thresholded SPECT Imaging in the Diagnosis of ADHD: A Retrospective Study.

Brain single photon emission CT (SPECT) scans indirectly show functional activity via measurement of regional cerebral blood flow. In conventional SPECT scans, the typical tomographic slices are produced. In three-dimensional thresholded SPECT scans, pixels representing activity below a certain threshold are discarded.

Concentrated tea tree oil toxicosis in dogs and cats: 443 cases (2002-2012).

Objective: To determine the frequency, types, and severity of clinical signs; geographic distribution; and treatment information associated with toxicosis caused by 100% tea tree oil (TTO) in dogs and cats in the United States and Canada.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 337 dogs and 106 cats with evidence of exposure to 100% TTO.

Improved outcomes using brain SPECT-guided treatment versus treatment-as-usual in community psychiatric outpatients: a retrospective case-control study.

Brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans indirectly show functional activity via measurement of regional cerebral blood flow. Thirty patients at a community-based psychiatric clinic underwent brain SPECT scans. Changes in scoring of before-treatment and after-treatment scans correlated well with changes in patient Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores before treatment and after treatment.

A review of 29 incidents involving 4-aminopyridine in non-target species reported to the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center.

4-Aminopyridine (4-AP) is an avicide used in products that are approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to control populations of various birds. Pharmaceutical 4-AP is also used in humans to treat neural and muscular dysfunctions associated with multiple sclerosis. Although strict restrictions for its use are in place, exposures to 4-AP bait by non-target species still occur.

Effectiveness and adverse effects of the use of apomorphine and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution to induce emesis in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness and adverse effects of apomorphine and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution used for emesis in dogs.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Animals: 147 dogs that received apomorphine (IV or placed in the conjunctival sac) or 3% hydrogen peroxide solution (PO) to induce emesis after exposure to toxic agents.

Adverse reactions from essential oil-containing natural flea products exempted from Environmental Protection Agency regulations in dogs and cats.

Objective: To describe adverse effects in dogs and cats exposed to Environmental Protection Agency exempted plant-derived flea preventatives containing mixtures of essential oils.

Design: Retrospective study from 2006 to 2008.

Setting: Records of dog and cat cases were reviewed from the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Animal Poison Control Center database.

Toxicology of frequently encountered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in dogs and cats.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of heterogeneous compounds extensively used in both human and veterinary medicine for their antipyretic, anti-inflammation, and analgesic properties. NSAIDs consist of a wide range of pharmacologically active agents with different chemical structures, with similar therapeutic and adverse effects. The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center received 22,206 NSAID incidents in dogs and cats (3% of total cases; dogs [15,823] and cats [1244]) during 2005 to 2010.

An overview of trends in animal poisoning cases in the United States: 2002-2010.

Veterinary toxicology is a constantly evolving field. The authors use the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center’s medical record database to examine recent trends in veterinary toxicology/animal poisoning incidents received from 2002 to 2010. The demographics of animals exposed to potentially harmful substances, the types of substances ingested, changes/emerging trends in substance exposures, and trends in therapies used to treat exposures are discussed.

Tobacco and cigarette butt consumption in humans and animals.

Discarded cigarette butts may present health risks to human infants and animals because of indiscriminate eating behaviours. Nicotine found in cigarette butts may cause vomiting and neurological toxicity; leachates of cigarette butts in aquatic environments may cause exposure to additional toxic chemicals including heavy metals, ethyl phenol and pesticide residues. This report reviews published and grey literature regarding cigarette butt waste consumption by children, pets and wildlife.