Grasp Posture Variability Leads to Greater Ipsilateral Sensorimotor Beta Activation During Simulated Prosthesis Use.

Motor behaviour using upper-extremity prostheses of different levels is greatly variable, leading to challenges interpreting ideal rehabilitation strategies. Elucidating the underlying neural control mechanisms driving variability benefits our understanding of adaptation after limb loss. In this follow-up study, non-amputated participants completed simple and complex reach-to-grasp motor tasks using a body-powered transradial or partial-hand prosthesis simulator.

Acute Mechanical Consequences of Vessel-Specific Coronary Bypass Combinations.

Purpose: Premature coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) failure has been linked to geometric, mechanical, and compositional discrepancies between host and graft tissues. Acute hemodynamic disturbances and the introduction of wall stress gradients trigger a myriad of mechanobiological processes at the anastomosis that can be associated with restenosis and graft failure. Although the origins of coronary artery disease dictate the anastomotic target, an opportunity exists for graft-vessel optimization through rationale graft selection.

Complexity Analysis of Resting-State and Task fMRI Using Multiscale Sample Entropy.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a powerful tool that allows for analysis of neural activity via the measurement of blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal. The BOLD fluctuations can exhibit different levels of complexity, depending upon the conditions under which they are measured. We examined the complexity of both resting-state and task-based fMRI using sample entropy (SampEn) as a surrogate for signal predictability.

Flexible constraint hierarchy during the visual encoding of tool-object interactions.

Tools and objects are associated with numerous action possibilities that are reduced depending on the task-related internal and external constraints presented to the observer. Action hierarchies propose that goals represent higher levels of the hierarchy while kinematic patterns represent lower levels of the hierarchy. Prior work suggests that tool-object perception is heavily influenced by grasp and action context.

A method to mitigate spatio-temporally varying task-correlated motion artifacts from overt-speech fMRI paradigms in aphasia.

Quantifying accurate functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation maps can be dampened by spatio-temporally varying task-correlated motion (TCM) artifacts in certain task paradigms (e.g., overt speech).