Brainstem-cortical functional connectivity for speech is differentially challenged by noise and reverberation.

Everyday speech perception is challenged by external acoustic interferences that hinder verbal communication. Here, we directly compared how different levels of the auditory system (brainstem vs. cortex) code speech and how their neural representations are affected by two acoustic stressors: noise and reverberation.

Ultrasonographic identification of vascular invasion by adrenal tumors in dogs.

Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice for adrenal tumors that are producing adverse clinical signs. Surgical planning prior to adrenalectomy is aided by identifying tumors with invasion into adjacent vessels or the presence of a tumor thrombus extending into the caudal vena cava. In this paper, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in determining if vascular invasion or tumor thrombus is present.

Prostate cancer knowledge and beliefs among Black and White older men in rural and urban counties.

Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men in the United States. In this report, we describe prostate cancer knowledge and beliefs among subgroups of men and compare knowledge and beliefs with perceived personal risk.

Methods: We administered a random-digit-dialed telephone survey to 235 respondents.

Do smoke alarms still function a year after installation? A follow-up of the get-alarmed campaign.

The Get-Alarmed Campaign Follow-up Study was the second phase of an initiative to assure that homes of families at high risk of fire-related injury and death had functioning smoke alarms. Smoke alarms and/or batteries were installed in over 94 percent of 454 participating households in Schley and Henry Counties, Georgia, in 2000. Before the study began, 60.

Racial/ethnic differences in the self-reported use of screening mammography.

The efficacy of mammography in reducing breast cancer mortality among women 50-69 years of age has been demonstrated in randomized controlled studies, but many women, especially ethnic minorities, have not been receiving regular mammographic screening. The current study investigated racial/ethnic differences in mammography use and their association with demographic characteristics and other factors. The study population consisted of 4,444 women aged 40 years and older who participated in the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

Breast cancer knowledge, beliefs, and screening behaviors among low-income, elderly black women.

This cross-sectional study explored whether there are age-specific differences in breast cancer-related knowledge, beliefs, and screening behaviors among low-income, elderly black women. Data were collected at senior citizen facilities from 214 black women aged 65 and older. Differences in knowledge, beliefs, and screening practices across three age groups were assessed by chi-square tests.