Universal assessment and tiered intervention: A model of care to meet the pediatric oncology psychosocial standard of care for school support.

Objective: The feasibility and acceptability of a tiered intervention model of school intervention services was investigated in response to the publication of evidence-based Psychosocial Standards of Care for Children with Cancer and their Families.

Method: Children with newly diagnosed malignancy or transitioning to long-term survivorship care were eligible. Families received universal school needs assessment and intervention targeted at the level of risk identified.

Schools at the center of a public health emergency: leveraging schools for pediatric COVID-19 vaccination.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's expansion of COVID-19 vaccine eligibility in 2021 to include children presented opportunities and challenges to ensure widespread access.

An Imperfect Space: Logistical Considerations in School-Based Health Centers.

Background: From a range of perspectives, scholars have demonstrated the value of school-based health centers (SBHCs) in recent decades, but few studies have examined the logistics of establishing SBHCs.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 hospital and 6 school employees involved in a network of SBHCs. After common themes were identified, cluster analysis was performed.

Emerging Frameworks in Health and Education: Conceptual Evolution in Pursuit of School-Based Health.

This paper presents a historical account of conceptual development at the intersection of American education and health. Beginning with early advancements from the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development and the World Health Organization, the authors show the movement from early considerations of the codependency of health and education. The authors suggest that more than fifty years of theoretical innovations at the nexus of health and education culminated in the 2014 introduction of "Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child" (WSCC).

Targeting the NRF2/HO-1 Antioxidant Pathway in FLT3-ITD-Positive AML Enhances Therapy Efficacy.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a molecularly heterogenous hematological malignancy, with one of the most common mutations being internal tandem duplication (ITD) of the juxtamembrane domain of the fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3). Despite the development of FLT3-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), relapse and resistance are problematic, requiring improved strategies. In both patient samples and cell lines, FLT3-ITD raises levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elicits an antioxidant response which is linked to chemoresistance broadly in AML.

Ohio Dentists' Perceptions on Children School Absenteeism for Dental Care Appointments.

This cross-sectional study evaluated knowledge, practices, and beliefs of Ohio dentists treating school-aged children regarding school absenteeism in relation to compliance with dental appointments.
A 26-item questionnaire was distributed to 7,274 dentists licensed in the state of Ohio in 2019. Eligible participants were pediatric dentists (PDs) and general dentists (GDs) who treated individuals younger than 16 years of age.

Validity, reliability, and feasibility of the Brief School Needs Inventory: Evaluating educational risk for students with chronic health conditions.

Objective: Researchers have increasingly emphasized the need to include routine educational and cognitive screening in the care plan for youth with chronic health conditions. Prior to now, a screener did not exist to asses risk/need in education in the pediatric setting; thus, this research aimed to examine the validity, reliability, and feasibility of the newly developed Brief School Needs Inventory (BSNI), which stratifies a patients level of educational risk/need in the context of a health condition.

Methods: The authors developed and pilot-tested two versions of an education risk screener utilizing a mixed-methods design, which included an expert panel review process and assessments for validity, reliability, and feasibility.

Combinatorial effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), vorinostat and entinostat, and adaphostin are characterized by distinct redox alterations.

Purpose: Amongst the epigenetically targeted therapies, targeting of the histone deacetylases (HDACs) has yielded numerous drugs for clinical use in hematological malignancies, but none as yet for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Single agent activity of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) has been elusive in ALL, and has prompted study of combinatorial strategies. Because several HDACi raise levels of intracellular oxidative stress, we evaluated combinations of two structurally distinct HDACi with the redox active compound adaphostin in ALL.

Academic Continuity and School Reentry Support as a Standard of Care in Pediatric Oncology.

Clinicians agree that return to school after diagnosis promotes the positive adjustment of children and adolescents with cancer; however, the school reentry process can present challenges. The aim of this review was to critically evaluate the literature on school reentry support for youth with cancer. Seventeen publications were identified.

A NOX2/Egr-1/Fyn pathway delineates new targets for TKI-resistant malignancies.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have improved CML response rates, and some are effective against resistance-promoting point mutations in BCR-ABL1. However, in the absence of point mutations, resistance still occurs. Here, we identify a novel pathway mediating resistance which connects p47phox, the organizer subunit of NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2), with early growth response-1 (Egr-1) and the Src family kinase Fyn.

School Performance and Disease Interference in Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) results in neuropsychological complications that place adolescents at higher risk for limited educational achievement. A first step to developing effective educational interventions is to understand the impact of SCD on school performance. The current study assessed perceptions of school performance, SCD interference and acceptability of educational support strategies in adolescents with SCD.

Coordination of care between health and education systems for patients with a hematologic or oncologic diagnosis: a time study analysis.

Given the increasing emphasis on care coordination between healthcare and schools, hospital-school liaison services are increasing in demand. Limited research examines hospital-school liaison programs that focus on educational journeys of school-age patients with a chronic illness. Thus, this initiative aimed to determine the time needed to support the educational needs of these patients.

Small molecule ErbB inhibitors decrease proliferative signaling and promote apoptosis in philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The presence of the Philadelphia chromosome in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph(+)ALL) is a negative prognostic indicator. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that target BCR/ABL, such as imatinib, have improved treatment of Ph(+)ALL and are generally incorporated into induction regimens. This approach has improved clinical responses, but molecular remissions are seen in less than 50% of patients leaving few treatment options in the event of relapse.

Expression and activity of Fyn mediate proliferation and blastic features of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

The BCR-ABL1 oncogene is a tyrosine kinase that activates many signaling pathways, resulting in the induction of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib, have been developed for the treatment of CML; however, the terminal, blast crisis phase of the disease remains a clinical challenge. Blast crisis CML is difficult to treat due to resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, increased genomic instability and acquired secondary mutations.

Redox control of leukemia: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play both positive and negative roles in the proliferation and survival of a cell. This dual nature has been exploited by leukemia cells to promote growth, survival, and genomic instability-some of the hallmarks of the cancer phenotype. In addition to altered ROS levels, many antioxidants are dysregulated in leukemia cells.

Inhibition of the NADPH oxidase regulates heme oxygenase 1 expression in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Background: Patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blast crisis have a poor response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors designed to inhibit the breakpoint cluster region-v-Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (BCR-ABL1) oncogene. Recent work has demonstrated that heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression is increased in BCR-ABL1-expressing cells and that the inhibition of HO-1 in CML leads to reduced cellular growth, suggesting that HO-1 may be a plausible target for therapy. The objective of the current study was to clarify the mechanism of HO-1 overexpression and the role of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase as a contributor to this mechanism in CML.

Src family kinases mediate epidermal growth factor receptor signaling from lipid rafts in breast cancer cells.

Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) regulates cellular proliferation, survival, and migration of breast cancer cells. In particular, EGFR recruits signaling proteins to the cell membrane leading to their phosphorylation and activation. However, EGFR also localizes to other cellular structures, including endosomes, mitochondrion, and nuclei.

Lipid raft localization of EGFR alters the response of cancer cells to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in many cancer types including ~30% of breast cancers. Several small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting EGFR have shown clinical efficacy in lung and colon cancers, but no benefit has been noted in breast cancer. Thirteen EGFR expressing breast cancer cell lines were analyzed for response to EGFR TKIs.

In vivo bioassay-guided fractionation of marine sediment extracts from the Southern California Bight, USA, for estrogenic activity.

The exposure and uptake of environmental estrogenic compounds have been reported in previous studies of demersal flatfish species in the central Southern California Bight (SCB), USA. The objective of this study was to evaluate the estrogenic or feminizing activity of marine sediments from the SCB by using in vivo vitellogenin (VTG) assays in male or juvenile fish. In 2003, sediments were collected near wastewater outfalls serving the counties of Los Angeles (LACSD) and Orange (OCSD), and the city of San Diego (SD), California, USA.

Evaluation of estrogenic activities of aquatic herbicides and surfactants using an rainbow trout vitellogenin assay.

Estrogenic potencies of four herbicides (triclopyr, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), diquat dibromide, glyphosate), two alkylphenol ethoxylate-containing surfactants (R-11 and Target Prospreader Activator (TPA)), and the binary mixture of surfactants with the herbicides were evaluated using an in vivo rainbow trout vitellogenin assay. Juvenile rainbow trout exposed to 2,4-D (1.64 mg/l) for 7 days had a 93-fold increase in plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) levels compared with untreated fish, while rainbow trout exposed to other pesticides alone did not show elevated vitellogenin levels compared to the control fish.

The effects of comfort care on the pain response in preterm infants undergoing screening for retinopathy of prematurity.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine if pain and distress during the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening examination could be ameliorated by providing comfort care.

Study Design: This study was a prospective, randomized, controlled trial of 30 stable preterm infants who underwent initial ROP screening examinations. Fourteen study infants were swaddled, held, and given 24% sucrose solution during the examination.