Strategies and Challenges of a Safe Fireplace Program in Rural Kenya: A Qualitative Study.

There is a lack of information on effective burn prevention strategies. The objective of this study was to examine a safe fireplace program, as a method of burn prevention, in a resource-limited setting. We conducted a qualitative, phenomenological study at a community health and development program for a rural population in Kenya.

The PORTL Laboratory.

In the history of the field, behavior analysts have used the operant chamber as an apparatus for both teaching and experimental investigations. In the early days of the field, students spent significant time in the animal laboratory, using operant chambers to conduct hands-on experiments. These experiences allowed students to see behavior change as an orderly process and drew many students toward careers in behavior analysis.

Equines do not live for grass alone: Training equines using social interaction as a reinforcer.

Functional analysis data and previous studies on animal training have demonstrated that social interaction with humans can serve as a reinforcer for animals. Yet, some studies have demonstrated that tactile interaction (e.g.

Implementation Evaluation of HUGS/Abrazos During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Program to Foster Resiliency in Pregnancy and Early Childhood.

Early life adversity can significantly impact child development and health outcomes throughout the life course. With the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating preexisting and introducing new sources of toxic stress, social programs that foster resilience are more necessary now than ever. The Helping Us Grow Stronger (HUGS/Abrazos) program fills a crucial need for protective buffers during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has escalated toxic stressors affecting pregnant women and families with young children.

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among healthcare personnel at a large health system in Atlanta.

Background: Estimates of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and factors associated with infection among healthcare personnel (HCP) vary widely. We conducted a serosurvey of HCP at a large public healthcare system in the Atlanta area.

Materials And Methods: All employees of Grady Health System were invited to participate in mid-2020; a volunteer sample of those completing testing was included.

Fostering Resilience in Pregnancy and Early Childhood During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The HUGS/Abrazos Program Design and Implementation.

Pregnancy and early childhood pose unique sensitivity to stressors such as economic instability, poor mental health, and social inequities all of which have been magnified by the COVID-19 pandemic. In absence of protective buffers, prolonged exposure to excessive, early adversity can lead to poor health outcomes with significant impact lasting beyond the childhood years. Helping Us Grow Stronger (HUGS/Abrazos) is a community-based program, designed and launched at the time of the COVID-19 surge in the Spring of 2020, that combines emergency relief, patient navigation, and direct behavioral health support to foster family resilience and mitigate the negative impacts of COVID-related toxic stress on pregnant women and families with children under age 6.

Neighborhood risk: Socioeconomic status and hospital admission for pediatric burn patients.

Background: Burn injury continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality in the US pediatric population. Many studies using inpatient samples have found a relationship between low socioeconomic status (SES) and burn injury. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the association between SES and the likelihood of admission for Emergency Department (ED) visits for pediatric burn injury.

Referral Patterns of Burn Injury in Rural Kenya.

Burn injury represents a substantial burden of disease in resource-limited settings. Kenya has no formal trauma system and referral practices for burn injuries are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with burn injury referrals in rural Kenya.

Loss of Smell and Taste Among Healthcare Personnel Screened for Coronavirus 2019.

Among 283 symptomatic healthcare personnel (HCP) tested for SARS-CoV-2, 51 (18%) were positive. Among those 51 HCP, self reported loss of smell and taste were present in 51% and 52.9%, respectively, with either present in 60.

"I'm going to stay young": Belief in anti-aging efficacy of menopausal hormone therapy drives prolonged use despite medical risks.

Background: Over a third of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) prescriptions in the US are written for women over age 60. Use of HT more than 5 years is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease; breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancers; thromboembolic stroke; gallbladder disease; dementia; and incontinence.

Objectives: To explore older women's perceptions of the benefits and risks of long-term HT and examine factors influencing their decisions to use HT > 5 years despite medical risks.

Convergent-Divergent Validity and Correlates of the Day-to-Day Impact of Vaginal Aging Domain Scales in the MsFLASH Vaginal Health Trial.

Introduction: Clinical research and management of postmenopausal vaginal symptoms have been limited by the lack of validated measures for assessing symptom impact.

Aim: To evaluate convergent-divergent validity of the Day-to-Day Impact of Vaginal Aging (DIVA) questionnaire among postmenopausal women with moderate-to-severe vulvovaginal symptoms and identify demographic and clinical factors associated with greater symptom impact.

Methods: We examined baseline data from postmenopausal women with moderate-to-severe vulvovaginal itching, pain, irritation, dryness, or pain with intercourse in a randomized trial of vaginal estradiol, moisturizer, or placebo.

The power of one reinforcer: The effect of a single reinforcer in the context of shaping.

During shaping, if the organism is engaged in behaviors other than the current approximation, the amount of time between reinforcers increases. In these situations, the shaper may resort to what is referred to as a "desperation-driven click." That is, after a period of no reinforcement, the shaper delivers one reinforcer for a nontarget approximation.

False-Positive Tuberculin Skin Test Results Among Low-Risk Healthcare Workers Following Implementation of Fifty-Dose Vials of Purified Protein Derivative.

Following large declines in tuberculosis transmission the United States, large-scale screening programs targeting low-risk healthcare workers are increasingly a source of false-positive results. We report a large cluster of presumed false-positive tuberculin skin test results in healthcare workers following a change to 50-dose vials of Tubersol tuberculin.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:750-752.

Predictors of impact of vaginal symptoms in postmenopausal women.

Objective: This study aims to identify factors associated with greater impact of vaginal symptoms on the functioning and well-being of postmenopausal women.

Methods: Postmenopausal women who reported vaginal dryness, itching, irritation, or pain with sexual activity completed the multidimensional Day-to-day Impact of Vaginal Aging (DIVA) questionnaire and underwent assessment of multiple sociodemographic and clinical factors that have the potential to influence the impact of vaginal symptoms. Multivariable linear regression analyses examined relationships between selected participant characteristics and DIVA scale scores assessing symptom impact on activities of daily living, emotional well-being, self-concept and body image, and sexual functioning.

E-cigarette marketing and older smokers: road to renormalization.

Objectives: To describe older smokers' perceptions of risks and use of e-cigarettes, and their responses to marketing and knowledge of, and opinions about, regulation of e-cigarettes.

Methods: Eight 90-minute focus groups with 8 to 9 participants met in urban and suburban California to discuss topics related to cigarettes and alternative tobacco products.

Results: Older adults are using e-cigarettes for cessation and as a way to circumvent no-smoking policies; they have false perceptions about the effectiveness and safety of e-cigarettes.

Positive and instructive anti-smoking messages speak to older smokers: a focus group study.

Background: Smokers over the age of 45 are the only group with an increase in smoking prevalence, are the least likely to quit smoking, and bear most of the burden of tobacco-related disease. Research characterizing older adult perceptions of warning labels and anti-tobacco messages has not been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to describe whether older smokers perceived warning labels and anti-tobacco messages as effective for the promotion of smoking cessation.

Evaluation of a patient activation and empowerment intervention in mental health care.

Background: Evidence suggests that minority populations have lower levels of attendance and retention in mental health care than non-Latino whites. Patient activation and empowerment interventions may be effective in increasing minority patients' attendance and retention.

Objectives: This study developed and evaluated a patient self-reported activation and empowerment strategy in mental health care.

Raman spectroscopic evaluation of efficacy of current paraffin wax section dewaxing agents.

During a spectroscopic study to identify biochemical changes in cervical tissue with the onset of carcinogenesis, residual paraffin wax contributions were observed on almost all dewaxed formalin-fixed paraffin-processed (FFPP) tissue sections examined. Subsequently, the present study was formulated to evaluate the efficacy of current dewaxing agents using Raman spectroscopy. Three cervical FFPP sections were subjected to each of the protocols.