A Systematic Comparison of Dose Distributions Delivered in I Plaque Brachytherapy and Proton Radiation Therapy for Ocular Melanoma.

Purpose: To characterize dose distributions with I plaque brachytherapy compared with proton radiation therapy for ocular melanoma for relevant clinical scenarios, based on tumor base diameter (d), apical height (h), and location.

Methods And Materials: Plaque and proton treatment plans were created for 4 groups of cases: (1) REF: 39 instances of reference midsize circular-base tumor (d = 12 mm, h = 5 mm), in locations varying by retinal clock hours and distance to fovea, optic disc, and corneal limbus; (2) SUP: 25 superiorly located; (3) TEMP: 25 temporal; and (4) NAS: 25 nasally located tumors that were a fixed distance from the fovea but varying in d (6-18 mm) and h (3-11 mm). For both modalities, 111 unique scenarios were characterized in terms of the distance to points of interest, doses delivered to fovea, optic disc, optic nerve at 3 mm posterior to the disc (ON@3mm), lens, and retina.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma: Inter-compartmental progression.

There is limited understanding of the inter-compartmental progression and treatment outcomes of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). In this multicenter retrospective cohort study on 234 patients with PCNSL (median age: 62.5 years [18-92]; median follow-up 35 months [0.

A Comparison of Treatment Outcomes after Standard Dose (70 Gy) versus Reduced Dose (50 Gy) Proton Radiation in Patients with Uveal Melanoma.

Objective: To compare outcomes in a large patient cohort with small-medium tumors located within 1 disc diameter (DD) of the optic nerve and/or fovea treated with 50 Gy or 70 Gy proton therapy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Subjects: A total of 1120 patients with uveal melanomas ≤ 15 mm in largest basal diameter, ≤ 5 mm in height, located within 1 DD of the optic nerve and/or fovea, who received primary treatment with protons between 1975 and 2016 at Massachusetts Eye and Ear/Massachusetts General Hospital.

Clinical Outcomes in Vitrectomized versus Non-vitrectomized Eyes in Patients with Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma.

Aim: To evaluate if there is a difference in the clinical course of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) in vitrectomized versus non-vitrectomized eyes.

Methods: Observational multicenter retrospective case series of patients diagnosed with PVRL between 2007 and 2019, at three tertiary centers. The main outcomes were relapse rates, inflammatory parameters, and best-corrected visual acuities (BCVA).

Treatment of Aggressive Retinal Astrocytic Hamartoma with Oral Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Inhibition.

Purpose: To describe the clinical course and outcomes of aggressive retinal astrocytic hamartoma (RAH) treated with oral mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORis).

Design: A retrospective clinical case series.

Participants: Five patients with genetically confirmed tuberous sclerosis complex and visually significant RAH due to tumor growth or exudation.

Estrogen Receptor Is Expressed in Uveal Melanoma: A Potential Target for Therapy.

Background: Metastatic uveal melanoma (UM) has no effective treatment. To date, no publications have reported immunohistochemical evidence of estrogen receptors (ERs) in UM; however, changes in pathologic reporting for ER in breast carcinoma prompted a re-examination of ER in UM, as it could represent a potential therapeutic target.

Objective: To determine if UM tumors express ER by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using current methodology for breast cancer and to evaluate ER gene expression using a publicly available UM database.

Updated International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Diagnostic Criteria and Surveillance and Management Recommendations.

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease affecting multiple body systems with wide variability in presentation. In 2013, Pediatric Neurology published articles outlining updated diagnostic criteria and recommendations for surveillance and management of disease manifestations. Advances in knowledge and approvals of new therapies necessitated a revision of those criteria and recommendations.

Rapid, Spontaneous Resolution of Prominent Subretinal Infiltrate in Vitreoretinal Lymphoma.

Purpose: This case report describes a patient with vitreoretinal lymphoma who subacutely developed a large, peripapillary subretinal infiltrate that rapidly and spontaneously resolved.

Methods: A case report is presented.

Results: A 65-year-old Asian-American woman was referred for evaluation of a dense, peripapillary subretinal infiltrate in the left eye.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma - ocular variant: an interdisciplinary review on management.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma-ophthalmic variant (PCNSL-O) is an ocular subset of PCNSL predominantly involving subretinal pigment epithelium space, retina, and vitreous. The ophthalmic manifestations can precede, occur simultaneously, or follow other compartments of the CNS. Clinical trials have resulted in a significantly improved outcome in PCNSL patients over the past 2 decades, with a higher proportion of patients receiving frontline high dose methotrexate-based polychemotherapy regimens with curative intent; however, the current management of PCNSL-O remains controversial owing to lack of prospective data.

Relationship between Conjunctival Intraepithelial Dendritic Melanocytes and Nevocytes.

A 52-year-old male presented with a perilimbal-epibulbar, flat, pigmented lesion of 7 months' duration. Microscopic evaluation disclosed a proliferation of intraepithelial dendritic melanocytes without frank atypia, a lesion formerly termed "primary acquired melanosis." Within the lesion there were also intraepithelial basal junctional nevocytic nests and occasional small subepithelial nevocytic clusters which were positive for MART-1, HMB-45, and SOX-10 and negative for Ki-67.

Paediatric ocular adnexal lymphoma: a population-based analysis.

Objective: To investigate the incidence, clinicopathological characteristics and survival of ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL) in the paediatric population.

Methods And Analysis: In this retrospective case series, the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database was accessed to identify individuals with OAL ≤18 years of age, diagnosed between 1973 and 2015. OAL located in the eyelid, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus and orbit were included.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Optic Neuritis.

The three classes of immune checkpoint inhibitors can be associated with optic neuritis, which typically presents with bilateral, painless visual decline. Visual function stabilized with drug cessation and systemic steroids.

Diagnosis and Management of Rare Immune-Related Adverse Events.

Oncologic treatment is being revolutionized by a burgeoning number of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis). To date, seven ICPis have received Food and Drug Administration approval, targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen, programmed cell death, or programmed cell death ligand. Adverse events associated with checkpoint inhibition have been described in the literature.

The Association of Aspirin Use with Age-Related Macular Degeneration Progression in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies: Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 Report No. 20.

Purpose: To analyze the potential association between aspirin use and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Two prospective cohort studies within 2 controlled clinical trials of oral supplementation for age-related eye disease.

Participants: Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) participants 55 to 80 years of age and AREDS2 participants 50 to 85 years of age.

MANAGEMENT OF RETINAL HEMANGIOBLASTOMA IN VON HIPPEL-LINDAU DISEASE.

Purpose: To review the current state of diagnosis and management of retinal hemangioblastoma and retinal vascular proliferation arising from von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease.

Methods: A review of the literature was performed. Consensus was reached among authors regarding current practice, with reference to published data where possible.

VON HIPPEL-LINDAU DISEASE: Update on Pathogenesis and Systemic Aspects.

Purpose: To provide an update summarizing the biologic pathways governing von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease pathogenesis and to provide an overview of systemic manifestations as well as screening recommendations.

Methods: A PubMed search of the English language literature was reviewed using the following search terms: von Hippel-Lindau, von Hippel-Lindau disease, and VHL. Of 6,696 publications, the most current and pertinent information related to the pathogenesis and systemic aspects of VHL disease were included in this review.