RADAR reference adult, pediatric, and pregnant female phantom series for internal and external dosimetry.

Unlabelled: A new generation of reference computational phantoms, based on image-based models tied to the reference masses defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for dose calculations, is presented.

Methods: Anatomic models based on nonuniform rational b-spline modeling techniques were used to define reference male and female adults, 15-y-olds, 10-y-olds, 5-y-olds, 1-y-olds, newborns, and pregnant women at 3 stages of gestation, using the defined reference organ masses in ICRP publication 89. Absorbed fractions and specific absorbed fractions for internal emitters were derived using standard Monte Carlo radiation transport simulation codes.

Voxel-based mouse and rat models for internal dose calculations.

Unlabelled: The ability to estimate absorbed doses in experimental animals to which radiolabeled material has been administered may be important in explaining and controlling potential radiation toxicity observed during preclinical trials. Most previously reported models for establishing doses to small animals have been stylized and mathematically based. This study establishes dose factors for internal sources in realistic models of a typical mouse and a typical rat, based on image data obtained using a dedicated small-animal CT scanner.