Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns: a three-year surveillance study in a rehabilitation setting.

Introduction: To analyze the susceptibility patterns in a rehabilitation center.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted between January 2011 and to January 2013 at Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City (SBAHC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Number of the patients, specimen type, pathogen detected and antibiogram were entered in database for analysis using Inter System Track care software.

Contemporary empyema thoracis necessitans in an adult male caused by Staphylococcus aureus: decortication is superior to traditional under water seal intercostal tube in chronic empyema.

Empyema thoracis necessitans is a rare clinical finding nowadays. We report 55 years old Saudi male with past history of road traffic accident, poly trauma, chest surgery and paraplegia admitted for rehabilitation in Sultan Bin Abduaziz Humanitarian City (SBAHC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and diagnosed with empyema thoracis necessitans due to Staphylococcus aureus, treated initially with traditional thoracostomy under water seal intercostal intubation and antibiotics but subsequently required decortication.

Stroke in Saudi Arabia: a review of the recent literature.

Stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease resulting in high mortality and persistent disability in adults across the world. Besides coronary heart disease and cancer, stroke is the commonest cause of death in most industrialized countries. Survivors of stroke are often left with severe mental and physical disabilities, which create a major social and economic burden, ranking as the second most common cause of death worldwide and a major source of morbidity.

Adult male with non-resolving opacity in the right hemithorax.

Pulmonary agenesis is a well-known but rare congenital anomaly of the respiratory system. It represents failure of development of the primitive lung bud. We are reporting bilobar agenesis of the right lung associated with multisystem involvement in an adult patient.

Impact of an education program on patient anxiety, depression, glycemic control, and adherence to self-care and medication in Type 2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) requires continuous medical care, patients' self-management, education, and adherence to prescribed medication to reduce the risk of long-term complications. The aim of this study was to assess the benefits of an education program on diabetes, patient self-management, adherence to medication, anxiety, depression and glycemic control in type 2 diabetics in Saudi Arabia.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study, conducted among 104 diabetic patients at a major tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between May 2011 and October 2012.

Traumatic spinal cord injury in Saudi Arabia: a review of the literature.

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI) is a condition where the neural elements suffer acute trauma, resulting in short-term or permanent sensory and motor problems. An understanding the underlying structural and functional biological repairs of the TSCI mechanisms has intensely increased over the last two decades. However, compared with the other fields in medicine, the present degree of treatment and care for TSCI are quite unsatisfactory.

Paraplegia is not a diagnosis: Spinal tuberculosis deserves a place on the clinical radar screen: Awakening call to clinicians.

Disseminated Tuberculosis(TB) occurs through lymphohaematogenous dissemination of M. tuberculosis. Although it is more common in young children and those who are having risk factors like having acquired or innate immunodeficiency, weak immune system being on immunosuppressive treatments; it can also occur in immunocompetent indviduals with heavy load of infection.

Ankle injuries in the growing skeleton. A review of the recent literature.

Ankle injuries arise with significant frequency in the pediatric population, although diagnosis is rarely straightforward. Contact sports, such as football are widely practiced in Saudi athletes, little is carried out to educate them of measures regarding playing conditions and prophylactic steps like foot wear, warming up, and similarly. The usual potential complications associated with trauma to mature skeleton, as well as immature selection includes post-traumatic arthritis, stiffness, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, as well as those seen with physeal damage including leg length discrepancy, angular deformities, or a combination.

Clinical consequences of non-compliance with directly observed therapy short course (DOTS): Story of a recurrent defaulter.

In 1993, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis (TB) a global emergency, and subsequently introduced the directly observed therapy short course (DOTS) strategy, a technical and management package, based on the earlier work of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and international experience with DOTS, which strategy beyond a doubt has played a great role in the initial success of this program, especially in hospitalized patients under the initial intensive phase of 4-drug, anti-TB treatment with Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol. This results in rapid clinical well-being and early sputum conversion. This is indeed epidemiologically very important to break the chain of infection.

The efficacy of antioxidants in functional recovery of spinal cord injured rats: an experimental study.

A total of 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats (180-220 g) subjected to spinal cord injury (SCI) were divided into three groups of ten rats each. Group 1 served as control (SCI + Saline), Group 2 received daily dose of ascorbic acid 2,000 mg/kg body weight and group 3 rats received alpha tocopherol daily with the dose of 2,000 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. The Spontaneous coordinate activity (SCA), Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) and Tarlov locomotor scores were used to assess functional recovery of SCI rats.

Chronic isolated distal tibiofibular syndesmotic disruption: diagnosis and management.

Background: The current study outlines the pathology and treatment of persistent problems following isolated distal tibiofibular syndesmotic injuries.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to review patients with isolated chronic syndesmotic disruption who were managed in the authors' institute during 4 years, from January 2001 to January 2005. Patients with concomitant bony injuries or lateral ankle instability were excluded.

Efficacy of aspiration and autogenous bone marrow injection in the treatment of simple bone cysts.

Twenty eight patients with simple bone cyst that were treated by aspiration and percutaneous autogenous bone marrow injection were reviewed to evaluate the treatment outcome. There were 18 boys and ten girls. Their mean age was 10.

Böhler's and Gissane's angles of the calcaneus in the Saudi population.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to measure Böhler s angle (BA) and Gissane s angle (GA) in the Saudi population and compare their values to the published data.

Methods: Lateral plain radiographs of 229 normal feet and ankles of 158 females and 71 males, with age range of 15-72 years, were studied retrospectively at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between 2002 and 2003. Böhler's angle and GA were measured and the mean and standard deviation of each angle were calculated.