Soliton dynamics in optical fiber based on nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

Optical fiber is a component of the green and sustainable internet. This paper analyzes the energy loss induced by the attenuation effect of electromagnetic waves during optical fiber propagation. The dynamics of the Hamiltonian, which was derived using the dynamics of the solution the Nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) problem, were used to investigate the energy drop.

The dynamics of surface wave propagation based on the Benjamin Bona Mahony equation.

Modulation instability is one of the consequences of the water medium's inclination. It causes surface water waves to run into phenomena of splitting and merging in their propagation. An increase in wave amplitude follows this phenomenon, which can encourage the appearance of extreme waves.