Fabrication of promising competitive graphene nanocomposite transducer to determine Prucalopride succinate in pharmaceutical formulation and in spiked human biological fluids.

The development of a newly fabricated ion-selective electrode (ISE) solid-contacted type for the determination of prucalopride succinate represents a significant advancement in analytical chemistry, particularly in the context of green chemistry principles. The optimization process involved numerous trials to ensure the selection of a cation exchanger and ionophore that offer high sensitivity and selectivity for prucalopride succinate. Through these optimization trials, sodium tetrakis was identified as the most suitable cation exchanger, while calix [8] arene demonstrated the highest affinity towards prucalopride succinate as the ionophore.

A novel treatment approach using vitamin B12-conjugated sericin for mitigating nanodiamond-induced toxicity in darkling beetles.

The escalating use of nanodiamonds (NDs) has raised concerns about their ecotoxicological impact, prompting exploration of therapeutic interventions. This paper pioneers the examination of Vitamin B12-conjugated sericin (VB12-SER) as a potential therapeutic approach against ND-induced toxicity in darkling beetles (Blaps polychresta). The study analyzes mortality rates and organ-specific effects, covering the testis, ovary, and midgut, before and after treatments.

Non-destructive detection and identification of plasticizers in PVC objects by means of machine learning-assisted Raman spectroscopy.

Vibrational spectroscopic techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy, as a non-destructive method combined with machine learning (ML), were successfully tested as a quick method of plasticizer identification in poly(vinyl chloride) - PVC objects in heritage collection. ML algorithms such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) were applied to the classification and identification of the most common plasticizers used in the case of PVC. The CNN model was able to successfully classify the five plasticizers under study from their Raman spectra with a high accuracy of (98%), whereas the highest accuracy (100%) was observed with the RF algorithm.

Comprehensive toxicity assessment of nanodiamond on Blaps polychresta: implications and novel findings.

With the increasing development of nanomaterials, the use of nanodiamonds (NDs) has been broadly manifested in many applications. However, their high penetration into the ecosystem indubitably poses remarkable toxicological risks. This paper investigates the toxic effects of NDs on the darkling beetle, Blaps polychresta Forskal, 1775 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

Dual roles of the conditional extracellular vesicles derived from biofilms: Promoting and inhibiting bacterial biofilm growth.

Antibiotic-resistant biofilm infections have emerged as public health concerns because of their enhanced tolerance to high-dose antibiotic treatments. The biofilm life cycle involves multiple developmental stages, which are tightly regulated by active cell-cell communication via specific extracellular signal messengers such as extracellular vesicles. This study was aimed at exploring the roles of extracellular vesicles secreted by at different developmental stages in controlling biofilm growth.

A mouse model to study glutathione limitation .

Glutathione (GSH) is a highly abundant tripeptide thiol that performs diverse protective and biosynthetic functions in cells. While changes in GSH availability are linked to many diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, determining the function of GSH in physiology and disease has been challenging due to its tight regulation. To address this, we generated cell and mouse models that express a bifunctional glutathione-synthesizing enzyme from (GshF).

Development of a mouse model expressing a bifunctional glutathione-synthesizing enzyme to study glutathione limitation in vivo.

Glutathione (GSH) is a highly abundant tripeptide thiol that performs diverse protective and biosynthetic functions in cells. While changes in GSH availability are associated with inborn errors of metabolism, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders, studying the limiting role of GSH in physiology and disease has been challenging due to its tight regulation. To address this, we generated cell and mouse models that express a bifunctional glutathione-synthesizing enzyme from Streptococcus thermophilus (GshF), which possesses both glutamate-cysteine ligase and glutathione synthase activities.

Suppression of epithelial proliferation and tumourigenesis by immunoglobulin A.

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant antibody isotype produced across mammals and plays a specialized role in mucosal homeostasis . Constantly secreted into the lumen of the intestine, IgA binds commensal microbiota to regulate their colonization and function with unclear implications for health. IgA deficiency is common in humans but is difficult to study due to its complex aetiology and comorbidities .

A comprehensive review of recent advances in silk sericin: Extraction approaches, structure, biochemical characterization, and biomedical applications.

Silks are natural polymers that have been widely used for centuries. Silk consists of a filament core protein, termed fibroin, and a glue-like coating substance formed of sericin (SER) proteins. This protein is extracted from the silkworm cocoons (particularly Bombyx mori) and is mainly composed of amino acids like glycine, serine, aspartic acid, and threonine.

Comprehensive and Validated Chromatographic Techniques for the Estimation of Lercanidipine Hydrochloride and Atenolol in Bulk and Combined Dosage Form in the Presence of Lercanidipine Degradation Products with LC/MS Characterization.

Two rapid, smart and validated stability indicating HPLC and TLC techniques were developed to determine atenolol (ATE) and lercanidipine HCl (LER) simultaneously in their pharmaceutical formulation. HPLC chromatographic separation was implemented by using Microsorb C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column, with mobile phase of acetonitrile and 20 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer pH 3.

Bioanalytical Validated Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Determination of Prucalopride succinate in Human Urine Samples and Its Greenness Evaluation.

An economical & eco-friendly spectrofluorometric method has been developed for the determination of prucalopride succinate (PRU) in human urine on the basis of the drug's native fluorescence. The type of solvent and the wavelengths of excitation and emission have been carefully selected for optimal experimental conditions. In deionized water, the fluorescence intensity was measured at λ emission 362 nm upon excitation at 310 nm.

The impact of incorporating Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriocin with inulin and FOS on yogurt quality.

The current study aimed to figure out the effect of using a combination of 2% inulin, and 2% Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) with Lactobacillus acidophilus and their bacteriocin on some yogurt properties such as coagulation time, extending the shelf life of set yogurt and its microbiological quality, also the acceptance by consumers. The results indicated that coagulation time increased by 22.75% in yogurts prepared with Lactobacillus acidophilus and their bacteriocins compared to the control, and titratable acidity increased gradually in all treatments during storage.

Diabetic ketoacidosis: knowledge and practice among patients with diabetes attending three specialized diabetes clinics in Khartoum, Sudan.

Introduction: diabetic Ketoacidosis is the leading cause of mortality in children and adolescents with T1DM and accounts for about 50% of all deaths in patients younger than 24 years with diabetes. It affects 8 out of 1000 people with diabetes annually, with a worldwide mortality rate of 2-10%. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge and practice towards DKA among patients with diabetes attending three diabetes clinics in Khartoum.

Serum serotonin as a non-invasive marker of portal hypertensive gastropathy in Egyptian patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis.

Background And Study Aims: Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) is an important complication of portal hypertension (PHT) in cirrhotic patients. We aimed in the current study to investigate the validity of serum serotonin as a probable non-invasive marker for PHG in cirrhotic patients with PHT. We conducted this study on 100 HCV-related cirrhotic patients divided into three groups according to their endoscopic findings; group I: patients with no endoscopic signs of PHG; group II: patients with mild PHG; and group III: patients with severe PHG.

Association of Serum Levels of Cystatin C and Cognition in a Cohort of Egyptian Elderly Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dementia are common morbidities of elders. Serum cystatin C has been suggested to be an ideal marker for kidney function. The current study aimed to detect the serum levels of cystatin C in CKD patients and to correlate these levels to cognitive performance.

Use of bacteriophage to inactivate pathogenic bacteria from wastewater.

The aim of this study was to enhance the rhizobacterium potential in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW) system planted by using specific and lytic phages. The bioinoculation of specific bacteriophage for target bacteria; , and the monitoring of bacterial inactivation under different conditions showed the effectiveness of this methodology to enhance bacteria reduction and consequentially ameliorate purification performance of this studied biological treatment system. The injection of the phage at a concentration equal to 10 UFP/mL within the rhizosphere of the inoculated filter (F) was allowed 1 U-Log of improvement of bacterial inactivation compared to the control filter (T) nearly 1 logarithmic unit thus, a 90% improvement of bacteria reduction.

Longitudinal clonal dynamics of HIV-1 latent reservoirs measured by combination quadruplex polymerase chain reaction and sequencing.

HIV-1 infection produces a long-lived reservoir of latently infected CD4 T cells that represents the major barrier to HIV-1 cure. The reservoir contains both intact and defective proviruses, but only the proviruses that are intact can reinitiate infection upon cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Here we combine four-color quantitative PCR and next-generation sequencing (Q4PCR) to distinguish intact and defective proviruses and measure reservoir content longitudinally in 12 infected individuals.

Exosomes as Powerful Engines in Cancer: Isolation, Characterization and Detection Techniques.

Exosomes, powerful extracellular nanovesicles released from almost all types of living cells, are considered the communication engines (messengers) that control and reprogram physiological pathways inside target cells within a community or between different communities. The cell-like structure of these extracellular vesicles provides a protective environment for their proteins and DNA/RNA cargos, which serve as biomarkers for many malicious diseases, including infectious diseases and cancers. Cancer-derived exosomes control cancer metastasis, prognosis, and development.

Determination of a CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+T cells subset in Egyptian Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Human tumors including colorectal cancers (CRC) are often infiltrated by immune cells predominantly T lymphocytes especially regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3). It has been suggested that CD25+CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) might hamper effective immunosurveillance of emerging cancer cell. The aim of this study was to measure the frequency of total CD4+CD25+ Tregs & CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ subset of Treg cells in peripheral blood of Egyptian CRC patients and their correlation with the tumor stage, histopathology of the tumor and lymph node affection.

Molecular Detection, Serotyping, and Antibiotic Resistance of Shiga Toxigenic Isolated from She-Camels and In-Contact Humans in Egypt.

This study aims to determine the prevalence of STEC in she-camels suffering from mastitis in semi-arid regions by using traditional culture methods and then confirming it with Serological and molecular techniques in milk samples, camel feces, as well as human stool samples for human contacts. In addition, an antibiotic susceptibility profile for these isolates was investigation. Mastitic milk samples were taken after California Mastitis Test (CMT) procedure, and fecal samples were taken from she-camels and human stool samples, then cultured using traditional methods to isolate .

Immunoprotective inference of experimental chronic Trichinella spiralis infection on house dust mites induced allergic airway remodeling.

Allergic bronchial asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the respiratory airways mediated by T-helper 2 (Th2), Th17 and their cytokines. Although most asthmatic patients suffer from allergic airway remodeling (AAR), aggressive anti-allergic treatment failed to reverse it. The hygiene hypothesis illuminated the counter relationship between allergy and helminthic infections.

Use of the catalytic complex TiO/red cabbage anthocyanins to reduce the biofilm formation by planktonic bacteria.

The bacterial cells dwelling within the biofilm usually develop resistance against common disinfectants. In this current study, to improve the effectiveness of photocatalytic treatment, a natural sensitizer in combination with unsupported titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) was used to optimize the absorbance of NPs in the visible region and, to enhance the catalytic activity of the semiconductor. Different kinetic parameters were determined according to the first-order and the biphasic models to evaluate the ability of tested bacteria to form biofilm under different photocatalytic treatment conditions.