Pharmacodynamic Studies of Pravastatin Sodium Nanoemulsion Loaded Transdermal Patch for Treatment of Hyperlipidemia.

Pravastatin sodium (PVS) is a hypolipidemic drug with poor oral bioavailability due to the first-pass effect. Therefore, this study aims to formulate and evaluate transdermal patches containing PVS-loaded nanoemulsions (PVS-NEs) to increase PVS's hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective activities. PVS-NEs were prepared using the aqueous titration method, where oleic acid was chosen as an oil phase, and span 80 and tween 80 were used as surfactant and cosurfactant respectively.

Formulation and Evaluation of Pravastatin Sodium-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles: In vitro-in vivo Studies Assessment.

Purpose: Pravastatin sodium (PVS) is a hypolipidemic drug which suffers from extensive first-pass metabolism and short half-life. Poly(d,l-lactide--glycolide) (PLGA) is considered a promising carrier to improve its hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective activities.

Methods: PVS-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PVS-PLGA-NPs) were prepared by double emulsion method using a full 3 factorial design.

Chitosan-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles for Enhanced Ocular Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of Atorvastatin Calcium.

Background: Atorvastatin calcium (AT) is an ocular anti-inflammatory with limited bioavailability when taken orally due to its low solubility in low pH and extensive first-pass effect. To overcome these problems, AT was entrapped in polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) to improve surface properties and sustained release, in addition to achieving site-specific action.

Methods: AT was entrapped in chitosan (CS)-coated polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) NPs to form AT-PLGA-CS-NPs (F1).

Nimodipine Ophthalmic Formulations for Management of Glaucoma.

Purpose: Preparation and evaluation of topical ophthalmic formulations containing nimodipine-CD complexes prepared using HP-β-CD, SBE-β-CD and M-β-CD for the management of glaucoma.

Methods: Nimodipine-CD complexes were prepared using a freeze-drying method. Two different molar ratios (NMD:CD) were used for each cyclodextrin.

Improvement of the Ocular Bioavailability of Econazole Nitrate upon Complexation with Cyclodextrins.

Econazole nitrate (EC) is an active, imidazole antifungal agent. However, low aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of EC has discouraged its usage for the treatment of ophthalmic fungal infection. In this study, inclusion complexes of EC with cyclodextrins were prepared to enhance its solubility, dissolution, and ocular bioavailability.

Water-soluble Complex of Curcumin with Cyclodextrins: Enhanced Physical Properties For Ocular Drug Delivery.

Background: Curcumin, a natural hydrophobic polyphenol, has been reported to have diverse pharmacological activities. Previous studies have evaluated its efficacy using both oral and transdermal dosage forms. However, two major obstacles-poor aqueous solubility and low stability-severely limited its pharmaceutical use.

Potential Use of Cyclodextrin Complexes for Enhanced Stability, Anti-inflammatory Efficacy, and Ocular Bioavailability of Loteprednol Etabonate.

Loteprednol etabonate (LE) is a soft corticosteroid that maintains therapeutic activity with much reduced adverse effects. Yet, its ocular bioavailability is hindered by its poor aqueous solubility. Early attempts of LE complexation with cyclodextrins (CDs) did not involve the study of the effects of various complexation methods on the characteristics of the complexes formed.

Potential use of niosomal hydrogel as an ocular delivery system for atenolol.

Niosomes have been reported as possible approach to improve the low corneal penetration and bioavailability characteristics for many drugs. The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize an effective ocular niosomal hydrogel containing 0.5% (w/v) atenolol which is β1 adrenoceptor blocker for treatment of glaucoma.

Some variables affecting the characteristics of Eudragit E-sodium alginate polyelectrolyte complex as a tablet matrix for diltiazem hydrochloride.

Eudragit E (EE)-sodium alginate (SA) polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) were prepared at pH 4 and 5.8 using sodium alginate of high (SAH) and low viscosity (SAL). The optimum EE-SA complexation mass ratio was determined using viscosity measurements.