Effect of ultrasonically-activated irrigation protocols used for regenerative endodontics on removal of dual species biofilm in a three-dimensionally printed tooth model: in vitro study.

Introduction: Eradication of residual biofilm from root canal dentine is critical for the success of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs).

The Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the influence of ultrasonically activated irrigants in concentrations used for REPs for removal of dual-species biofilm from three-dimensionally printed tooth models with attached dentine samples.

Methodology: Seventy-two three-dimensionally printed teeth models were fabricated with a standardized slot in the apical third of the root to ensure a precise fit with a human root dentine specimen.

Microbiome and Femoral Cartilage Thickness in Knee Osteoarthritis: Is There a Link?

Objective: To assess the relation between microbiome and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in the blood and synovial fluid (SF) with femoral cartilage thickness (FCT) measured by ultrasound (US) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 40 primary KOA patients recruited between September 2022 and June 2023. Age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded.

Evaluation of colonization index and (1,3)- ß- D glucan as diagnostic tools of invasive candidiasis in a pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the corrected colonization index (CCI) and (1, 3)-ß-D Glucan (BDG) in diagnosis of Invasive Candidiasis (IC) in critically ill pediatric patients.

Methods: A prospective observational study in a tertiary care (PICU) were surveyed for Candida colonization and CCI was calculated. For cases with suspicious clinical presentation, samples were cultured, and double(1,3) ß-D- glucan (BDG) performed.

Bacterial sealing ability of calcium silicate-based sealer for endodontic surgery: an in-vitro study.

Background: Apical surgery with standard retrograde maneuvers may be challenging in certain cases. Simplifying apical surgery to reduce operating time and streamline retrograde manipulation is an emerging need in clinical endodontics.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to compare the bacterial sealing ability of a calcium silicate-based sealer with the single cone technique combined with root end resection only, and calcium silicate-based sealer as a retrograde filling versus MTA retrofilling, and to analyze bacterial viability using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

Bacteremia and antimicrobial resistance pattern of uropathogens causing febrile urinary tract infection in a Pediatric University Hospital.

Introduction: Febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children are among the most serious bacterial infections. Inadequate treatment can lead to kidney scarring and permanent kidney damage. Eight to ten percent of children with UTIs could have concomitant bacteremia.

Omega-3 nanoemulgel in prevention of radiation-induced oral mucositis and its associated effect on microbiome: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is recognized as one of the most frequent debilitating sequelae encountered by head and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated by radiotherapy. This results in severe mucosal tissue inflammation and oral ulcerations that interfere with patient's nutrition, quality of life (QoL) and survival. Omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have recently gained special interest in dealing with oral diseases owing to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and wound healing properties.

Clinical examination, ultrasound assessment and aspiration of knee effusion in primary knee osteoarthritis patients.

Background: To assess the diagnostic performance of clinical examination and ultrasound (US) assessment of knee effusion in primary knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients. Furthermore, the success rate for effusion aspiration and the factors related to it were investigated.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients diagnosed with primary KOA-induced knee effusion clinically or sonographically.

Antibacterial effectiveness of multi-strain probiotics supernatants intracanal medication on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in a tooth model.

Background: To assess the antibacterial activity of multi-strain probiotics supernatants (MSP); Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus as an intracanal medication on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilm in a tooth model.

Methods: Sixty extracted human single-rooted teeth with single canals were instrumented, sterilized, and inoculated with E.

Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Lactobacilli probiotics supernatants against Enterococcus faecalis (in-vitro study).

Background: There is an increasing demand to find a potent antibacterial agent against endodontic pathogens with the least toxic effect. The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Lactobacilli probiotics on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in comparison to calcium hydroxide paste.

Comparison of a Point-of-Care FilmArray Test to Standard-of-Care Microbiology Test in Diagnosis of Healthcare Associated Infections in a Tertiary Care Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Rapid and accurate identification of healthcare associated pathogens is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment of infections. This study aimed to assess the performance of a point-of-care multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in diagnosis of pathogens and their antibiotic resistance genes in bloodstream infections, pneumonia and meningitis/encephalitis in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on pediatric patients diagnosed with healthcare associated infections at Alexandria University PICU, Egypt.

Respiratory viruses associated with severe mechanically ventilated pneumonia in children.

The burden of pneumonia, especially that caused by respiratory viruses, is markedly high in the pediatric age group. This study aimed to assess viral agents causing severe pneumonia among mechanically ventilated patients. Nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage was performed for pediatric patients having severe pneumonia indicated for mechanical ventilation to be tested with a multiplex PCR immediate diagnosis of their etiologic pathogen.

Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism in pediatric patients with Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis.

Background: The severity of Helicobacter pylori infection is determined by the interplay between bacterial virulence, host genetic and environmental factors. This study aimed to identify interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) gene polymorphisms and their associations with H. pylori infection, and severity of chronic gastritis in Egyptian children.

Nitrofurazone repurposing towards design and synthesis of novel apoptotic-dependent anticancer and antimicrobial agents: Biological evaluation, kinetic studies and molecular modeling.

Drug repurposing has gained much attention as a cost-effective strategy that plays an exquisite role in identifying undescribed biological activities in clinical drugs. In the present work, we report the repurposing of the antibacterial drug nitrofurazone (NFZ) as a potential anticancer agent against CaCo-2, MDA-MB 231 and HepG-2 cancer cell lines. Novel series of nitrofurazone analogs were then designed considering the important pharmacologic features present in NFZ.

Microbial profile, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular characterization of diabetic foot infections in a university hospital.

Introduction: Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are among the most severe complications of diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the etiological pathogens of DFIs in different Wagner's and IDSA/IWGDF grades, and to assess their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern together with molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance genes.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 120 DFI patients at Main Alexandria University Hospital, Egypt.

Assessment of the in vitro activity of azithromycin niosomes alone and in combination with levofloxacin on extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates.

Background And Aim: Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae represent a major threat in intensive care units. The aim of the current study was to formulate a niosomal form of azithromycin (AZM) and to evaluate its in vitro effect on XDR K. pneumoniae as a single agent or in combination with levofloxacin.

Study of Epstein-Barr virus serological profile in Egyptian patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis: A case-control study.

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is now considered one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of different types of EBV antibodies in patients with HT in comparison to healthy controls, and to detect any correlation between EBV serological markers and different laboratory findings in HT patients.

Subjects & Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 120 subjects divided into two groups: Sixty patients with HT (patients group), and sixty age and sex matched healthy volunteers (control group).

Study of the gut Microbiome Profile in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Single Tertiary Hospital Experience.

The role of gut microbiome was recently raised in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to elucidate changes in gut microbiome in Egyptian autistic children and its possible correlation with the severity of autism and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The gut bacterial microbiome of 41 ASD children, 45 siblings, and 45 healthy controls were analyzed using quantitative SYBR Green real-time PCR technique targeting 16S rRNA of selected bacteria.

Phylogenetic and pathotype analysis of stool isolates from Egyptian patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Introduction: The role of in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still controversial. The study aimed to investigate the pathotypes and the phylogenetic groups of in Egyptian patients with IBD in an attempt to find an association between any type or group with the severity of the disease.

Methods: Thirty ulcerative colitis (UC), 30 Crohn's disease (CD), and 20 control subjects with normal colonoscopy were included in a cross-sectional study.

Bovine Colostrum in the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of bovine colostrum (BC) on the treatment of children with acute diarrhea attending the outpatient clinic.

Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 160 children with diarrhea; 80 cases were randomly treated with BC group and 80 cases randomly received placebo (placebo group). All cases were investigated for bacterial causes of diarrhea (Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, diarrheagenic E.

Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Organism Among Children Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in a Developing Country.

Aim: Multidrug-resistant infections are an increasingly common condition particularly in critical care units. This study aimed to determine the incidence and types of resistant bacteria acquired in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a university hospital.

Subject And Methods: A prospective study was conducted during the year 2016.

Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Capsular and Molecular Serotyping and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Asymptomatic Healthy Children in Egypt.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide with increasing antimicrobial resistance. 600 randomly chosen asymptomatic healthy children aged 2-60 months attending Alexandria University Children's Hospital were evaluated for prevalence of nasopharyngeal (NP) carriage of S. pneumoniae.