Could the Crosstalk Between Myeloid-Derived-Suppressor Cells and Regulatory T Cells Have a Role in Beta-Thalassemia?

Background: Secondary iron overload, alloimmunization, and increased risk of infection are common complications in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an essential role in preventing excessive immune response. This research aimed to study the interaction between Tregs and MDSCs in TDT patients and to evaluate the association of these cell types with disease severity.

Invasive Mechanical Ventilation for Acute Viral Bronchiolitis: Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Objectives: Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of PICU admission and a major contributor to resource utilization during the winter season. Management in mechanically ventilated patients with bronchiolitis is not standardized. We aimed to assess whether variations exist in management between the centers and then to assess if differences in PICU outcomes are found.

Acute viral bronchiolitis as a cause of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.

The Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC) published pediatric-specific guidelines for the definition, management, and research in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). Acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB) remains one of the leading causes of admission to PICU. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of AVB.

Overview of prevention and management of acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the most common cause of Acute Bronchiolitis (AVB) in infants. AVB causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, most deaths occurring in the developing world. AVB causes respiratory distress in infants, leading to respiratory failure in some cases.

Reduced Nasal Viral Load and IFN Responses in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Failure.

Rationale: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infancy. Severe disease is believed to result from uncontrolled viral replication, an excessive immune response, or both.

Objectives: To determine RSV load and immune mediator levels in nasal mucosal lining fluid by serial sampling of nasal fluids from cases of moderate and severe bronchiolitis over the course of infection.

Characteristics of children admitted to intensive care with acute bronchiolitis.

Unlabelled: To assess factors associated with outcome in children admitted to paediatric intensive care (PIC) with bronchiolitis. A retrospective study of children admitted to the PICU at St Mary's Hospital, London with bronchiolitis over a 6-year period (2011-2016). All bronchiolitis admissions < 2 years were included.