Management of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Caused by and Organisms in a Pediatric Center: A Randomized Controlled Study.

A dangerous infection contracted in hospitals, ventilator-associated pneumonia is frequently caused by bacteria that are resistant to several drugs. It is one of the main reasons why patients in intensive care units become ill or die. This research aimed to determine the most effective empirical therapy of antibiotics for better ventilator-associated pneumonia control and to improve patient outcomes by using the minimal inhibitory concentration method and the Ameri-Ziaei double antibiotic synergism test and by observing the clinical responses to both single and combination therapies.

Serum Vitamin D in Children with Hemophilia A and Its Association with Joint Health and Quality of Life.

: Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive illness produced by a deficiency of coagulation factor VIII. This study aimed to evaluate serum vitamin D in hemophilic pediatric patients and its correlation with joint health and quality of life. : This case-control study was performed on ninety children under the age of 18 years old and separated into two groups: study group of 45 children with hemophilia A and control group of 45 healthy children at an outpatient pediatric hematology clinic at the Beni-Suef University hospitals.

Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Tests and Electroencephalogram Results Among Cirrhotic Patients.

: Patients with cirrhosis who seem normal during physical examinations may still have abnormalities in their electroencephalogram (EEG) or show pathological results in neuropsychological tests. This study aimed to investigate the progression of minimal hepatic encephalopathy, its effects on quality of life, its prognostic value, and its significance for daily functioning. : This study involved 50 patients with confirmed cirrhosis (28 Child A, 12 Child B, 10 Child C) who were assessed for psychological symptoms and underwent several tests: the Minimal Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Letter Cancellation Test, the Digit Symbol Coding Test, and EEG.

Exhaled Breath Volatile Organic Compounds in Pregnancy: A Pilot Study.

Objective:  This study aimed to assess the volatile organic compounds (VOC)s in breath samples collected noninvasively from pregnant women during pregnancy and postpartum and compare it with nonpregnant controls.

Study Design:  This pilot study included 50 subjects: 10 pregnant patients in their first trimester, 10 in second trimester, 10 in third trimester, 10 in the first postpartum week, and 10 nonpregnant subjects as a control. We collected exhaled breath from subjects who reported to be healthy and free of any respiratory symptoms.

The Impact of Infliximab on Hyperinflammation State in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been linked to increased mortality in COVID-19 patients. Infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor, has been reported to improve outcomes in COVID-19 patients by targeting the hyperinflammatory response. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of incorporating Infliximab into standard care guidelines for the management of COVID-19.

Distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida species isolated from candidemia patients admitted to Egyptian tertiary hospitals: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Candidemia is a widespread threat that can lead to significant complications in healthcare settings.

Objectives: Our study aimed to identify isolates of Candida isolated from blood culture bottles of patients with candidemia and assess their antifungal susceptibility profiles.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Cairo University tertiary care hospitals over 16 months including 90 patients.

Impulsivity and Its Association with Depression and Anxiety in the Normal Egyptian Population Post COVID-19 Pandemic.

It is well known that depression, anxiety, and impulsiveness are interrelated; however, studies that have assessed their association with the coronavirus outbreak are scarce. Hence, our study aimed to evaluate the impulsivity incidence and its correlation with anxiety and depression following COVID-19 infection between November 2022 and June 2023. The 201 participants completed the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and short UPPS-P scales (urgency, premeditation, perseverance, sensation seeking, and positive urgency) to allow us to determine their anxiety and depression symptoms, functional impairment, and impulsivity, respectively.

Volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of newborns: a pilot study.

Objective: To assess volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath samples collected non-invasively from preterm and full-term infants.

Methods: This was a pilot study included preterm and full-term infants who were not intubated or suspected or diagnosed with metabolic or gastrointestinal disorders. The samples were analyzed for VOCs using a selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometer.

Novel candidates synthesis of indenopyrazole, indenoazine and indenothiophene, with anticancer and studies.

The indandione nucleus, is one of the most amazing nuclei in medicinal chemistry, is used to design new derivatives. Novel indandione derivatives are prepared with different electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents to yield , , , , , and . Compounds and are investigated against OVCAR-3 and HeLa, using LLC-MK2 and -Pt as references.

Prevalence and Outcomes of Gastrointestinal Anomalies in Down Syndrome.

Objectives:  Our objective was to investigate the prevalence of small intestinal atresia and Hirschsprung's disease (HD) in infants with Down syndrome (DS) and its impact on outcomes.

Study Design:  We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample dataset. We included infants with DS, small intestinal atresia, HD, and the concomitant occurrence of both conditions.

Efficacy of Linezolid in the management of pneumonic COVID-19 patients. Bioinformatics-based clinical study.

Introduction: At the beginning in July 2023, there has been a significant increase in daily hospital admissions attributed to the new variant of COVID-19. Aim of this study is to explore the clinical benefits and outcomes of using linezolid in the management of pneumonic COVID-19 patients.

Methodology: The study included 230 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by RT-PCR.

Prophylactic early low-dose hydrocortisone and survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia among extremely preterm infants born at 22-27 weeks' gestation.

Objective: To compare survival without BPD among extremely preterm infants (EPI) who received prophylactic early low-dose hydrocortisone (PEH) with those who did not (non-PEH).

Study Design: This single-center retrospective study compared risk-adjusted rates of survival without BPD, BPD, bowel perforation, and late-onset sepsis among infants (22-27 weeks' gestation at birth) who received PEH (n = 82) and who did not (n = 205).

Results: Infants in the PEH group were of lower gestational age, lower birthweight, and higher day-1 risk of death/BPD.

The Impact of Cefepime and Ampicillin/Sulbactam on Preventing Post-Cesarean Surgical Site Infections, Randomized Controlled Trail.

Over the previous three decades, the rate of caesarean sections performed worldwide has grown exponentially. In comparison to a vaginal birth, the risk of all postpartum infections is higher with a cesarean section. One of the key factors contributing to maternal morbidity is the development of infectious complications in the surgical site after a caesarean section.

Acute kidney injury in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in infants with varying degrees of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and its associated outcomes, including mortality and length of stay (LOS).

Methods: The study used the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset from 2010 to 2018. Regression analysis was used to control confounding variables.

Synthesis of novel pyrazolone candidates with studying some biological activities and in-silico studies.

Pyranopyrazole derivatives have a vital role in the class of organic compounds because of their broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological importance. Our current goal is the [3 + 3] cycloaddition of benzoyl isothiocyanate and pyrazolone 1 to undergo oxidation cyclization, producing pyrazoloxadiazine 3. The diol 5 was obtained as a condensation of two equivalents of 1 with thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde in acetic acid above the sodium acetate mixture.

Galangal-Cinnamon Spice Mixture Blocks the Coronavirus Infection Pathway through Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 M, Three HCoV-229E Targets; Quantum-Chemical Calculations Support In Vitro Evaluation.

Natural products such as domestic herbal drugs which are easily accessible and cost-effective can be used as a complementary treatment in mild and moderate COVID-19 cases. This study aimed to detect and describe the efficiency of phenolics detected in the galangal-cinnamon mixture in the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2's different protein targets. The potential antiviral effect of galangal-cinnamon aqueous extract (GCAE) against Low Pathogenic HCoV-229E was assessed using cytopathic effect inhibition assay and the crystal violet method.

Captopril Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Alginate/Gelatin-Based Oral Dispersible Films (ODFs) with Modified Release and Advanced Oral Bioavailability for the Treatment of Pediatric Hypertension.

Hypertension can begin in childhood; elevated blood pressure in children is known as pediatric hypertension. Contrary to adult hypertension, there is a scarcity of commercial medications suitable for the treatment of pediatric hypertension. The aim of this study was to develop orally dispersible films (ODFs) loaded with captopril for the treatment of hypertension in children.

Therapeutic Outcomes of High Dose-Dexamethasone versus Prednisolone + Azathioprine, Rituximab, Eltrombopag, and Romiplostim Strategies in Persistent, Chronic, Refractory, and Relapsed Immune Thrombocytopenia Patients.

Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that can be managed with several treatment options. However, there is a lack of comparative data on the efficacy of these options in different phases of the disease.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of high-dose Dexamethasone (HD-DXM), Prednisolone + Azathioprine, Rituximab, Eltrombopag, and Romiplostim schedules in persistent, chronic refractory or relapsed Egyptian ITP patients with a platelet count ≤30 × 10/L.

Clinical Care Team's Guide for Awareness on Risk Assessment of Eltrombopag Complicating Acute Kidney Injury in Relapsed Immune Thrombocytopenic Patients: A Case Report.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder caused by antigen-specific T cells and antiplatelet autoantibodies that inhibit platelet production in the bone marrow or destroy platelets in the spleen. ITP is a form of autoimmunity and is closely associated with inflammation. Corticosteroids are the first-line therapy for ITP, with a total response rate of 53-80%.

COVID-19 Booster Doses: A Multi-Center Study Reflecting Healthcare Providers' Perceptions.

(1) Background: During 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic was threatening healthcare services and workers, and acquiring immunity was an option to stop or limit the burden of this pandemic. Herd immunity was a top priority worldwide as the virus was spreading rapidly. It was estimated that 67% of the total global population should be immunized against COVID-19 to achieve herd immunity.

The Outcomes and Adverse Drug Patterns of Immunomodulators and Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia Egyptian Patients with Hemorrhage Comorbidity.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) treatment has evolved recently. However, none of the treatments have only benefits without drawbacks. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and adverse drug patterns of Eltrombopag, Romiplostim, Prednisolone + Azathioprine, High Dose-dexamethasone (HD-DXM) (control group), and Rituximab in primary ITP Egyptian patients.

Perceptions, Knowledge, and Experiences of Using Face Masks among Egyptian Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Using face masks appropriately is important for preventing the community spread of respiratory infections. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge level and experience of using face masks between healthcare teams to protect them and limit the spread of COVID-19 infection. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 228 healthcare members in July-December 2021.

Acute kidney injury in infants diagnosed with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Background: To assess the association and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in infants diagnosed with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Methods: We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample dataset for the years 2010 through 2018. We evaluated the prevalence and outcomes associated with AKI in infants diagnosed with CDH.