Low-intensity exercise improves cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion injury in aged female rats with metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of cardiovascular risk factors which has higher prevalence in the elderly population. Being an aged obese woman with raised arterial blood pressure and blood glucose level might increase the risk of having cardiovascular morbidity or mortality during an attack of myocardial infarction. The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective efficacy of a low intensity swim-exercise program on ischemic reperfusion injury in isolated perfused hearts from aged female rats with MetS.

Evidence for a Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mechanism in a Biomimetic System for Monoamine Oxidase B Catalysis.

Mechanistic studies with 5-ethyl-3-methyllumiflavinium (Fl ) perchlorate, a biomimetic model for flavoenzyme monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) catalysis, and the tertiary, allyl amine 1-methyl-4-(1-methyl-1 H-pyrrol-2-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MMTP) reveal that proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) may be an important pathway for MAO catalysis. The first step involves a single-electron transfer (SET) leading to the free radicals Fl and MMTP , the latter produced by deprotonation of the initially formed and highly acidic MMTP . Molecular oxygen (O ) is found to play a hitherto unrecognized role in the early steps of the oxidation.

Does Metal Ion Complexation Make Radical Clocks Run Fast? An Experimental Perspective.

The rate constant for the β-scission of the cumyloxyl radical (k) was measured in the presence of various added electrolytes in acetonitrile and DMSO solvent. The results show that in CHCN, k increases in the presence of added electrolyte, roughly paralleling the size of the cation: Li > Mg ≈ Na > BuN > no added electrolyte. As suggested by Bietti et al.

Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of Hydromorphone by an Oxidative Dearomatization/Intramolecular [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Sequence: A Second-Generation Approach.

A second-generation approach to the synthesis of hydromorphone by oxidative dearomatization/Diels-Alder cycloaddition was investigated. Detailed analysis of the stereochemical outcome of the [4 + 2] cycloaddition was performed first on a truncated model system as well as on the material leading to ent-hydromorphone. The stereochemical assignments were made by NMR and X-ray methods.

Relationship between laying sequence and mercury concentration in tree swallow eggs.

When female birds lay eggs, some of their body burden of mercury is eliminated into each egg, potentially leading to declining mercury across the clutch. However, there was no decline in mercury with laying sequence in clutches of tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) eggs at a mercury-contaminated site, presumably due to daily replenishment of mercury in females during laying. Sampling just one egg from the nest provided an accurate measure of clutch mercury contamination.