"We want to be heard": A Qualitative Study of Mental Health Care Access among Patients of an Urban Federally Qualified Health Center.

Introduction: Although depression is common in primary care, challenges to timely intervention exist, particularly for communities of color and lower socioeconomic status. Our objective was to understand barriers and facilitators to mental healthcare access among a sample of patients receiving care at a federally qualified health center (FQHC) in Minnesota, United States.

Methods: We qualitatively interviewed 34 patients of an urban FQHC, purposively sampled on race/ethnicity, insurance status, language, and depression symptom status (based on Patient Health Questionnaire-9 responses).

Differences in Receipt of Time Alone with Healthcare Providers Among US Youth Ages 12-17.

Background: Time to meet privately with a health care provider can support optimal adolescent health, but numerous barriers exist to implementing this practice routinely.

Methods: We examined parent reports on their children aged 12 to 17 from a nationally generalizable sample to quantify the presence of time alone with health care providers at the state and national level, as well as socio-contextual correlates using logistic regression analysis.

Results: We estimated that only 1 in 2 adolescents had a confidential discussion at their last medical visit.

Effect of Virtual Versus In Person Interpreting on Diabetes Outcomes in Non-English Language Preference Patients: A Pilot Study.

Objective: The objective of this pilot study was to explore the impact of interpreter format (virtual vs in person) on clinical outcomes in patients with non-English language preference (NELP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a primary care setting. We hypothesized that NELP patients utilizing in person interpreters would have improved HbA1c values, better follow-up rate, and more complex care plans compared to patients utilizing virtual interpreters.

Methods: We completed a retrospective chart review of 137 NELP patients with T2DM who required a medical interpreter (February to June 2021).

Training on Corrections and Health Within U.S. Academic Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review.

Despite the scale, inequity, and consequences of mass incarceration, health care provider knowledge and awareness on correctional health remain limited. Understanding the educational experiences of health professions learners and the studies used to evaluate them can provide useful information about current gaps to guide future curricular improvement. To address this need, we conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed studies examining United States-based academic health professions educational programs on correctional health.

Positive Early Childhood Experiences and School Readiness among US Preschoolers.

Objectives: To characterize the relationship between positive early childhood experiences (PECEs) and school readiness, and assess whether the PECEs-school readiness relationship was robust to and/or differed across levels of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).

Methods: We analyzed national data on children ages 3-5 from 2016 to 2020 (n = 26 871) to examine associations between key PECE domains (nurturing relationships, home learning opportunities, safe and stable environments, and family routines) with being on track for school readiness, defined using a pilot, multidimensional measure called "healthy and ready to learn". Weighted univariate, bivariate, and multivariable analyses were conducted to generate nationally representative estimates.

Health and care utilization among youth with a history of parental incarceration and homelessness.

Introduction: Despite widespread recognition of the health and social risks posed by parental incarceration (PI) and homelessness, these challenges are rarely considered in unison. We sought to (a) assess the experiences of homelessness among youth with and without a history of PI and (b) compare the health and healthcare utilization among youth with a combined history of PI and homelessness.

Method: Examining data from eighth-, ninth-, and 11th-grade public school participants in the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey ( = 110,904), we calculated univariate and multivariate analyses to characterize the health status and care utilization of youth who have experienced PI, past-year homelessness, or both.

"Many people know nothing about us": narrative medicine applications at a student-run free clinic.

Narrative medicine is an approach to healthcare that acknowledges the stories of patients' lives both within and beyond the clinical setting. Narrative medicine has been increasingly recognized as a promising tool to support modern educational needs in health professions training, such as interprofessional practice, while enhancing quality of care. Here, we describe the development, implementation, and application of a narrative medicine program at the University of Minnesota Phillips Neighborhood Clinic.

Development of a Shelter-based Health Empowerment Program for Pregnant and Parenting Youth Experiencing Homelessness.

Background: Pregnancy and parenthood are common among youth experiencing homelessness and are associated with significant health risk for both parent and child. Yet, little is known regarding how to best promote health among this vulnerable population.

Objectives: To understand stakeholder perceptions of needs and factors required for successful implementation of a shelter-based health empowerment program for pregnant and parenting youth experiencing homelessness and their children.

Centering Community Voices: Establishment of a Community Advisory Board at a Student-Run Free Clinic.

Student-run free clinics (SRFCs) are common throughout the U.S. and have potential to meet the needs of both health professions trainees and patients in underserved communities.

"We want to be heard": Perspectives on mental health care among patients at a federally qualified health center.

Context: Depression is a debilitating condition associated with significant medical, social, and economic costs for individuals and communities. Despite its widespread prevalence, depression is typically under-identified and under-treated, particularly for people of color and lower socioeconomic status. Primary care settings such as federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) offer an ideal opportunity to rectify this gap for underserved communities.

Childhood Physical Health and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Modifiable Factors.

Although neurobiologic and genetic factors figure prominently in the development of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), adverse physical health experiences and conditions encountered during childhood may also play a role. Poor health is known to impact the developing brain with potential lifelong implications for behavioral issues. In attempt to better understand the relationship between childhood physical health and the onset and presence of ADHD symptoms, we summarized international peer-reviewed articles documenting relationships between a select group of childhood diseases or health events (e.

Epidemic Intelligence Service Alumni in Public Health Leadership Roles.

Since 1951, the Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has trained physicians, nurses, scientists, veterinarians, and other allied health professionals in applied epidemiology.

When Words Fail: Love's Rightful Place in Medicine.

Early in my medical training, I shared an intimate connection with a patient that took me by surprise. How was it that I could come to feel so strongly about someone I had only just met? The experience prompted me to contemplate the transcendent, curious relationship entwining patients and clinicians, and reflect on how such a relationship squared with my own conceptions of love and caregiving. Though it is sometimes argued that transferring our emotions onto patients beyond direct clinical concerns can bias or tarnish the medicine we provide, I contend these emotions can be cherished and prudently explored rather than swept away.

Understanding Initial and Sustained Engagement of Spanish-Speaking Latina Mothers in the Legacy for Children Program™: A Qualitative Examination of a Group-Based Parenting Program.

Culturally congruent parenting programs delivered during early childhood have the potential to support diverse families. Legacy for Children™ () is a group-based prevention program designed to promote child development by reinforcing sensitive, responsive mother-child relationships, building maternal self-efficacy, and fostering peer networks of support among mothers living in poverty (Perou et al., 2012).

An LGBTQIA+ Symposium to Improve Care for Sexual and Gender Minority Youth.

Background And Objectives: Multilevel factors drive health disparities experienced by sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. We developed a 3-hour symposium focusing on care for SGM youth to address this. The symposium was a free, extracurricular event open to the public, with an emphasis on health professional students and providers from all disciplines and involved interprofessional didactic and interactive components.

"Road to Empathy": A Qualitative Exploratory Study of Trainee Experiences on a Mobile Health Clinic.

Introduction: Mobile health clinics often deliver care in medically underserved communities and train student volunteers to support service delivery, but little is known about how these clinics affect trainees.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative analysis of over 100 trainees' experiences volunteering with a mobile health clinic, to explore the training experience's impact on personal and professional development.

Results: Volunteers' training experiences involved learning how to deliver compassionate, non-judgmental health care.

Factors Associated with Self-regulation in a Nationally Representative Sample of Children Ages 3-5 Years: United States, 2016.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe self-regulation (the ability to influence or control one's thoughts or behavior in response to situational demands and social norms) in children ages 3-5 years using a nationally representative sample and examine risk and protective factors to identify opportunities to support children and families.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we examined data from a parent-reported pilot measure of self-regulation from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). We compared U.

Parent engagement in an original and culturally adapted evidence-based parenting program, Legacy for Children™.

Legacy for Children™ (Legacy) is an evidence-based program focused on promoting sensitive, responsive parenting for socioeconomically disadvantaged families. Legacy has recently been culturally and linguistically adapted for Spanish-monolingual Latino families and is being piloted in partnership with an early childhood education program. We conducted a mixed methods study to identify barriers and facilitators to engagement, using program monitoring data sources from both participant and group leader perspectives.

Characteristics Associated With Presence of Pediatric Mental Health Care Policies in Emergency Departments.

Objectives: The majority of US children do not have access to an emergency department (ED) with a pediatric mental health care policy in place. Our objective was to understand factors associated with whether US EDs have a pediatric mental health care policy.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Pediatric Readiness Project, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of US EDs.

An Evaluation of the Literacy Demands of Online Natural Disaster Preparedness Materials for Families.

Objective: Natural disasters are becoming increasingly common, but it is unclear whether families can comprehend and use available resources to prepare for such emergencies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the literacy demands of risk communication materials on natural disasters for US families with children.

Methods: In January 2018, we assessed 386 online self-directed learning resources related to emergency preparedness for natural disasters using 5 literacy assessment tools.