Impact of M-protein detection on the response evaluations of patients undergoing treatment with the IgG-κ monoclonal antibodies daratumumab or isatuximab, and discrepancies between immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) systems and reagents.

Background: Immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) is the standard method for confirming the presence of a monoclonal protein (M-protein) at multiple myeloma (MM) diagnosis. IFE is also essential at assessment of complete response (CR) and stringent CR during treatment. As the CR assessment is influenced by daratumumab and isatuximab, HYDRASHIFT assays were developed.

Sequential Blood Collection from Inferior Vena Cava Followed by Portal Vein to Evaluate Gut Microbial Metabolites in Mice.

Gut microbial products are known to act both locally within the intestine and get absorbed into circulation, where their effects can extend to numerous distant organ systems. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are one class of metabolites produced by gut microbes during the fermentation of indigestible dietary fiber. They are now recognized as important contributors to how the gut microbiome influences extra-intestinal organ systems via the gut-lung, gut-brain, and other gut-organ axes throughout the host.

Effectiveness and safety of primary prophylaxis with G-CSF for patients with Ewing sarcomas: a systematic review for the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of G-CSF 2022 of the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology.

Background: Multidrug chemotherapy for Ewing sarcoma can lead to severe myelosuppression. We proposed two clinical questions (CQ): CQ #1, "Does primary prophylaxis with G-CSF benefit chemotherapy for Ewing sarcoma?" and CQ #2, "Does G-CSF-based intensified chemotherapy improve Ewing sarcoma treatment outcomes?".

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ichushi web databases, including English and Japanese articles published from 1990 to 2019.

Effectiveness and safety of primary prophylaxis with G-CSF during chemotherapy for invasive breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis from Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of G-CSF 2022.

Introduction: Chemotherapy for breast cancer can cause neutropenia, increasing the risk of febrile neutropenia (FN) and serious infections. The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) as primary prophylaxis has been explored to mitigate these risks. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of primary G-CSF prophylaxis in patients with invasive breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

[Current status and future perspective of clinical trials for patients with multiple myeloma].

There are two main types of clinical trials: industry-sponsored trials and investigator-initiated trials. Both of these, like the two sets of wheels on a car, are essential to development of treatments. Numerous clinical trials have been conducted in multiple myeloma, contributing to the development of new drugs and the current treatment landscape.

Association between Bone Quality and Physical Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Bone quality is an essential factor determining bone strength. However, the relationship between physical activity (PA) and bone quality remains unclear. This study aimed to ascertain the relationship between bone quality and PA using a cortical bone quantitative ultrasound device that measures components of bone quality.

Therapeutic use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients with febrile neutropenia: a comprehensive systematic review for clinical practice guidelines for the use of G-CSF 2022 from the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology.

Background: Febrile neutropenia represents a critical oncologic emergency, and its management is pivotal in cancer therapy. In several guidelines, the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia is not routinely recommended except in high-risk cases. The Japan Society of Clinical Oncology has updated its clinical practice guidelines for the use of G-CSF, incorporating a systematic review to address this clinical question.

Analyzing the risk factors for disease progression within 2 years and histological transformation in patients treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone as first-line treatment: A 15-year follow-up of patients with advanced follicular lymphoma in JCOG0203.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent lymphoma that becomes aggressive due to histological transformation (HT), leading to reduced survival. Patients with FL have different clinical courses and various treatment options. Some patients exhibit shorter survival and experience disease progression within 24 months of diagnosis/treatment (POD24); the optimal treatment remains an unmet needs.

Effectiveness and safety of primary prophylaxis of G-CSF during chemotherapy for prostate cancer, Japanese clinical guideline for appropriate use of G-CSF: clinical practice guidelines for the use of G-CSF 2022.

Background: Docetaxel (DTX) is commonly used as a primary chemotherapy, and cabazitaxel (CBZ) has shown efficacy in patients who are DTX resistant. Primary prophylactic granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) therapy is currently used with CBZ treatment in routine clinical care in Japan.

Methods: In this study, we performed a systematic review following the Minds guidelines to investigate the effectiveness and safety of primary prophylaxis with G-CSF during chemotherapy for prostate cancer and to construct G-CSF guidelines for primary prophylaxis use during chemotherapy.

Complex karyotype determined using conventional cytogenetic analysis is a poor prognostic factor in patients with multiple myeloma.

High-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCAs) influence the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM). However, additional cytogenetic aberrations can lead to poor outcomes. This study aimed to clarify whether HRCAs and additional chromosomal abnormalities affect MM prognosis.

Effectiveness and safety of primary prophylaxis of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor during dose-dense chemotherapy for urothelial cancer: Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Use of G-CSF 2022.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) decreases the incidence, duration, and severity of febrile neutropenia (FN); however, dose reduction or withdrawal is often preferred in the management of adverse events in the treatment of urothelial cancer. It is also important to maintain therapeutic intensity in order to control disease progression and thereby relieve symptoms, such as hematuria, infection, bleeding, and pain, as well as to prolong the survival. In this clinical question, we compared treatment with primary prophylactic administration of G-CSF to maintain therapeutic intensity with conventional standard therapy without G-CSF and examined the benefits and risks as major outcomes.